68 SKIN PROTECTION
of blue light irradiation. A significant ROS eliminating capacity was proven in an experiment irradiating keratinocytes with blue light (not shown).
T. obliquus carotenoids alleviate cellular oxidative stress Exposure to blue light induces photosensitiser-mediated singlet oxygen generation which inactivates catalase.22
Lipid peroxidation in corneocytes Relative to initial condition (%) 40 20 This
leads to an accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, which promotes radical formation and subsequent cell damage.23 Supplementation with 0.005% T. obliquus carotenoids suppressed hydrogen peroxide-induced radical formation in keratinocytes so that this returned almost back to a normal level (Fig 4). The vehicle DMSO did not have a significant influence on the results.
T. obliquus carotenoids protect cells against lipid peroxidation (in vitro study) Carotenoids incorporate deeply into the lipid bilayer of cell membranes or other biomembranes, e.g mitochondrial membranes or lamellar lipid systems in the skin barrier (see Fig 2). As such, they should provide maximal capacity to protect the lipophilic moieties inside the membranes. Induction of lipid peroxidation with cumene hydroperoxide leads to a significant collapse of the protective system of the cells (Fig 5, vehicle control). Tocopherol was not able to prevent lipid peroxidation while 0.005% T. obliquus carotenoids reduced the lipid peroxidation by 33% compared to vehicle control and 0.01% T. obliquus carotenoids reduced the lipid peroxidation significantly by 127% over vehicle control, even 11.5% superior over the non-treated condition (Fig 6). Although tocopherol is an effective anti- oxidant in unstressed skin cells (not shown), it loses its anti-oxidative power in cases of deep lipid peroxidation. The reason might be that tocopherol cannot intercalate into phospholipid membranes as carotenoids can do. It is situated at the polar head groups of the phospholipids with its aliphatic tail aligning with the fatty acid tails. However, this tail does not have the capacity to quench radicals. As such, tocopherol can only protect against superficial damages of phospholipid membranes while carotenoids are incorporated deeply at the site of lipid peroxide generation.
T. obliquus carotenoids reduce WiFi- induced oxidative stress There is currently very little data on the potential harmful effects of WiFi radiation on human tissue.3
0 -20 -40 -60
Mean + SEM; n=10/12
Figure 9: The active protects the skin against elevated radiation. Lipid peroxidation was slightly increased after application of placebo for 28 days in the summer, while treatment with 3% active reduced lipid peroxidation.
– 2.48 GHz might possibly be the most harmful. The frequency corresponds to that of the radiation emitted by microwave ovens and as such will cause tissue warming especially if the mobile device is carried close to the body. Although the energy is low (0.5 mW - 100 mW) it has not yet been investigated whether and how continuous exposure could affect our skin. 24
In non-
irradiated keratinocytes, 0.005% T. obliquus carotenoids reduced the ROS content significantly by 11%. Exposure to a 0.5 mW WiFi field for 5 hours significantly increased the internal ROS content by 12.4%. This was reduced by 73% in the presence of 0.005% T. obliquus carotenoids (Fig 8). The 0.5 mW power level corresponds to that of the normal mode of a smartphone with WiFi connection. Exposure to a 50 mW field corresponds to the search and connection process for an access point. In this mode, internal ROS levels increased by more than 25%. The carotenoid supplement was able to reduce this additional ROS load by 71% to only 7.5%. We conclude from this that T. obliquus carotenoids are capable of protecting the skin against electromagnetic radiation from mobile phones and in the microwave band.
T. obliquus carotenoids reduce lipid peroxidation and strengthen the skin barrier
Elevated radiation during summer depletes the natural concentration of antioxidants in the skin.25
Our lifestyle requires the
continuous carrying of electronic devices which emit different kinds of radiation, among which 802.11g WiFi radiation at 2.4
PERSONAL CARE EUROPE
This leads to lipid peroxidation causing a weakened skin barrier and dysfunction of skin cells. A topical supplementation of the skin with carotenoids can replenish a reduced
antioxidant pool and protect from lipid peroxidation. In this in vivo study, 20 female volunteers applied a placebo formulation and a verum formulation containing 3% of the active ingredient on their hemiface. Application of placebo in the summer led to a slight increase in levels of lipid peroxides in corneocytes after 28 days, whereas active-treated skin exhibited a reduction in lipid peroxidation by 37% (Fig 9). This result is consistent with the finding that a cosmetic formulation with the active is able to supplement the skin with carotenoids (not shown). The amount of corneocytes that could be detached with Corneofix®
on the face was significantly
reduced after application of the active to 31.3%. This is an almost 70% reduction of desquamation and increase in epidermal skin barrier function as compared to the initial condition (Fig 10). As a result, the strengthening of the skin barrier leads to a significantly more hydrated, elastic skin with reduced signs of premature skin ageing (not shown).
Conclusion
In a world in which sun radiation levels are apparently on the rise and there are obviously increasing levels of exposure to artificial radiation, Radicare-Gold provides protection for the skin. It acts rather like a Faraday shield to block either deleterious radiation in the skin barrier while its consequences – elevated ROS levels inside the cells – are eliminated. The cells’ intrinsic ROS defence system is augmented, leading to a reduction of oxidative stress. Radiation such as UV and (artificial) blue light induce ROS formation in the lamellar system of the
April 2019
Placebo RADICARE -GOLD 3%
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