134 SKIN PROTECTION Placebo 2% Moss active 10 8 6 4 2 0 1 week 2 weeks * *p<0.05 versus initial conditions and placebo * 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 1 week 2 weeks Placebo 2% Moss active *p<0.05 versus initial conditions and placebo *
Figure 6: Improvement of TEWL with the moss active.
cargo through the nuclear pore complex was shown to be downregulated in several aged cell types, including fibroblasts and neurons, and is therefore considered a universal ageing marker.9
When comparing old and young keratinocytes, we could nicely reproduce the reported downregulation of the three marker genes in old keratinocytes. Treatment of old keratinocytes with Physcomitrella patens extract resulted in a concentration-dependent expression increase of the three marker genes LAP2B, Lamin A and RanBP17 compared to untreated old keratinocytes, closer to the expression of young keratinocytes (Fig 2). Therefore, treatment with the Physcomitrella patens extract has a rejuvenating effect on keratinocytes regarding cell nucleus genes.
Improved skin adaptation to environmental changes
The timely and efficient adaptation of our skin to different environmental factors is important for a healthy and resilient skin. To test the influence of moss active on the ability of skin to adapt to climatic changes, 3D skin was incubated under different climatic stresses: hot/humid and cold/dry to mimic the exposure of skin in different
Before
Figure 7: Improvement of skin tone homogeneity with the moss active.
seasons and switching from heated/air conditioned buildings to a different outside climate. Under these stress conditions, the dermal fibre structure was disorganised and collapsed and fibre density was reduced (Fig 3). Furthermore, expression of the stress marker LCE1A was increased demonstrated via immunofluorescence (Fig 4). Skin that was treated with 1% moss active did not display these drastic changes in dermal structure and gene expression of stress markers (Figs 3, 4) and could therefore adapt more efficiently to these climatic stresses. The efficacy of the moss active was also tested in a placebo-controlled clinical study on a panel of Korean women who spent more than 2 hours per day outside in the summer in Seoul. After 14 days of treatment with 2% moss active, a significant improvement of skin hydration, TEWL and skin tone homogeneity compared to placebo was observed (Figs 5- 7). The positive effect on skin tone homogeneity was also visible in photographs taken of the volunteers (Fig 8). Overall, a skin improvement despite stressful weather conditions and improved skin adaptation to daily environmental changes was observed with moss active treatment.
After
Conclusion A novel active ingredient was developed using the innovative moss cell technology. The moss active demonstrated a positive influence on cell nucleus health genes and supported skin adaptation to climatic changes in vitro and in vivo. The result is a more refined skin tone and a more resilient skin after just two weeks.
PC
References 1 Maul HH, Deaven L. Quantitative determination of nuclear pore complexes in cycling cells with differing DNA content. JCB. 1977; 73(3): 748
2 Ribbeck K, Görlich D. Kinetic analysis of translocation through nuclear pore complexes. EMBO J. 2001; 20(6): 1320–1330
3 Kim HJ, Taylor JP. Lost in Transportation: Nucleocytoplasmic Transport Defects in ALS and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases. Neuron. 2017; 96(2): 285-297
4 Lenton TM, Crouch M, Johnson M, Pires N, Dolan L. First plants cooled the Ordovician, Nature Geoscience. 2012; 5: 86–89
5 Gonzales AG, Jimenez-Villacorta F, Beike AK, et al., Chemical and structural characterization of copper adsorbed on mosses (Bryophyta). J Hazard Mater. 2016; 308: 343-54
6 Komatsu K, Suzuki N, Kuwamura M, et al., Group A PP2Cs evolved in land plants as key regulators of intrinsic desiccation tolerance, Nature Comm. 2013; 4: 2219
7 Roads E, Longton RE, Convey P. Millennial timescale regeneration in a moss from Antarctica. Curr Biol. 2014; 24(6): 222-223
8 Dreesen O, Chojnowski A, Ong PF. Lamin B1 fluctuations have differential effects on cellular proliferation and senescence. JCB. 2013; 200(5): 605-617
Figure 8: Visible improvement of skin tone with the moss active. PERSONAL CARE EUROPE
9 Mertens J, Paquola ACM, Ku M et al. Directly Reprogrammed Human Neurons Retain Aging- Associated Transcriptomic Signatures and Reveal Age-Related Nucleocytoplasmic Defects. Cell Stem Cell. 2015;17(6):705-718
April 2018
Decrease in TEWL compared to initial conditions in %
Change in skin colour homogeneity compared to initial conditions in %
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