supposed to be the communication space, you were supposed to sit and discuss
things but it was of course impossible with all those sounds, chaos around us. At
that time I was very annoyed, now I think this was a critical gesture.
But in late 90’s early 2000’s this critique became simply another commercial art
immerged in a cultural industry. When we’re saying “commercial art”, we’re usually
thinking in terms of abstract painting over a sofa, but there is now a different kind of
commercial art which functions in a different economy, not in the old-fashioned
economy of a private consumer, of a unique thing, but in a project economy where
artist finds other types of funding – projects, grants, artists-in-residence programs,
public commissions. This type of artistic career, which was intended to be non-
commercial, became in many cases just another form of commercial art.
Contemporary biennials happily accept and absorb installations, videos and
performances, and even if these forms were considered new 10 or 20 years ago, now
there are no biennials which would do without them, because it is what brings
visitors. It works; these complex, unusual, avant-garde forms work as the crowd-
pleasing part of the biennials. There are also artcrowd-pleasing parts of the
biennials: political projects, social projects, projects which claim to be accessible to
and working with general public to address political issues. This is also something
every biennial has to have. If we ask ourselves “Does this particular work really
change something or is it just taking a topic which is already known to us?” - we
mostly have to choose the second option. But we still think of it as something
progressive. Institutionalization and even commercialization of the avant-garde of
the 60’s – this is what happened, in the same way as post-war Ecole de Paris worked
as a commercialization of the first avant-garde.
64 SESSION 2 / 2. OTURUM / EKATERINA DEGOT
ülkelerin televizyon sunucular›n›n, ayn› anda, farkl› dillerde “‹yi akflamlar” dedicurrency1i,
birçok büyük ekran televizyonun bulunducurrency1u bir mekan da oluflturmufltu. Bu mekan,
iletiflim mekan› olarak belirlenmiflti, oturarak tart›flabilmeniz gereken bir yerdi ama
bu etraf›m›zdaki onca ses ve karmafla nedeniyle tabii olanaks›zd›. O zaman çok
sinirlendicurrency1imi an›ms›yorum, ama flimdi bunun kritik bir hareket olducurrency1unu
düflünüyorum.
Ancak 90’lar›n sonu 2000’lerin bafl›nda bu elefltiri, kültürel sanayinin içinde iyice
yitirilen baflka bir ticari sanat haline geldi. “Ticari sanat” dedicurrency1imizde, genellikle
kanepemizin üzerinde as›l› bir tür soyut resim tablosunu düflünüyoruz ama flimdi,
özel tüketicinin, eflsiz bir fleyin eski moda ekonomisi içinde decurrency1il, sanatç›n›n farkl›
finansman türleri –projeler, bacurrency1›fllar, sanatç› decurrency1iflim programlar›, kamu
komisyonlar›- bulabildicurrency1i bir proje ekonomisi içerisinde iflleyen farkl› bir tür ticari
sanat var. Ticari olmamas› amaçlanan bu tür bir sanatç› kariyeri, birçok durumda,
sadece ticari sanat›n bir baflka biçimi haline geldi. Çacurrency1dafl bienaller, mutlulukla
yerlefltirme, video ve performanslar› kabul eder ve içine çeker, hatta bu biçimler 10
veya 20 y›l önce yeni kabul edilmifllerse de, flimdi art›k bunlars›z yapabilecek
bienaller yok, çünkü ziyaretçi getiren de bu. ‹flliyor, bu karmafl›k, olacurrency1and›fl›, öncü ifl
biçimleri, bienallerin kalabal›klar› memnun eden parças› olarak iflliyor. Bienallerin
bir de sanat kitlesini memnun eden bölümleri oluyor ki bunlar; siyasal projeler,
sosyal projeler, ulafl›labilirlik iddias›nda olan ve siyasal meseleleri ele almak için
halk›n geneliyle beraber çal›flan projeler oluyor. Bu da her bienalin sahip olmas›
gereken bir fley. Kendimize “Bu özel ifl, gerçekten bir fleyleri decurrency1ifltiriyor mu, yoksa
zaten bizim tan›d›currency1›m›z bildik bir konuyu mu ele al›yor?” diye sorducurrency1umuzda,
genellikle ikinci seçenecurrency1i seçmek zorunda kal›yoruz. Ancak hala bunu ilerici bir fley
olarak düflünüyoruz. 60’lar›n öncüsünün kurumsallaflt›r›lmas› ve hatta
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