work of this artist blurred so that you couldn’t read the text. And they omitted the
part of my text, and wrote “The publishers decided to omit part of the text by
Ekaterina Degot for some legal reasons.” Which of course brought attention to this
event. So this shows us who has real power in the art world. Curator of a big
biennial now becomes more like a producer of film industry, someone who has to do
with big money, big names, with destinies of artists. Biennials became mega
projects on a film industry scale.
To understand how we all landed here, I will say now a couple of words about what a
biennial actually is, when did it emerge, why did it take this form it has now. Art
we’re all dealing with is actually a big exception in contemporary culture. We are
often forgetting that we are still dealing with very old-fashionedly unique objects -
even with videos, artists artificially reduce the number of copies in most of the cases
for this artwork to remain at least more or less unique. Unique object produced in
most of the cases by unique artists and consumed by unique consumers. This is
something which is a big exception in contemporary culture, where everywhere we
have to do with copies of books, films, in music industry, in theatre this situation
never occurs. This is the situation of a very classical private market as described by
Marx. Modernist art was explaining this situation, presenting for the first time the
very topic of “Art is a commodity” - it’s appropriate to cite at least one art historical
example; “Olympia” by Edouard Manet which says “This painting is being sold, and is
nothing else than a prostitute”. Art gradually became about making this situation
more and more explicit. Another example is of course Duchamp’s “Fountain” which
was actually bought, not even made.
This gesture of making commodification of art obvious, worked as a strong critical
62 SESSION 2 / 2. OTURUM / EKATERINA DEGOT
kitab›n piyasaya ç›kmas›ndan iki hafta öncesinde yapabildikleri tek fley flu oldu;
sanatç›n›n yap›t›n›n fotocurrency1raf›n› bulan›k bir flekilde bast›lar, yani metin okunam›yordu.
Benim metnimin ise ilgili k›sm›n› almad›lar ve yan›na da “Yay›nc›lar yasal baz›
nedenlerden dolay› Ekaterina Degot taraf›ndan yaz›lan metnin bu k›sm›n› ç›kartmaya
karar verdiler.” diye yazd›lar. Tabii haliyle bu, olay› daha da ilgi çekici hale getirdi.
Bu, bize sanat dünyas›nda gerçek gücün kimin elinde olducurrency1unu gösteriyor. Büyük bir
bienalin küratörü, flimdilerde iyice film endüstrisindeki bir yap›mc›ya benzemeye
bafllad›, büyük paralarla, büyük isimlerle, sanatç›lar›n yazg›s› ile ifli olan biri.
Bienaller film endüstrisi ölçecurrency1inde mega projeler haline geldiler.
Bu noktaya nas›l geldicurrency1imizi daha iyi anlamam›z aç›s›ndan, flimdi bienalin gerçekte
ne olducurrency1u hakk›nda birkaç fley söyleyececurrency1im. Ne zaman ortaya ç›kt› ve flimdi sahip
olducurrency1u biçimi neden ald›? Hepimizin ucurrency1raflt›currency1› sanat, asl›nda güncel kültür içinde
büyük bir ayr›cal›kt›r. Çocurrency1u kez çok eski moda eflsiz nesnelerle ucurrency1raflt›currency1›m›z›
unutuyoruz -videolarda bile bu böyle, birçok durumda sanatç›lar, bu sanat yap›t›n›n
az çok biricik kalmas›n› sacurrency1lamak için, yapay flekilde kopya say›lar›n› azalt›yor. Çocurrency1u
durumda eflsiz tüketiciler taraf›ndan tüketilen, eflsiz sanatç› taraf›ndan üretilmifl,
eflsiz nesne. Bu güncel kültürde büyük bir benzersizlicurrency1i olan bir durum, her alanda
kitaplar, filmler, müzik sanayiinde kopyalarla ucurrency1rafl›rken, tiyatroda bu duruma hiç
rastlanm›yor. Bu asl›nda Marx taraf›ndan tarif edilen son derece klasik özel pazar
durumu. Modern sanat bu durumu aç›kl›yordu, “Sanat bir metad›r.” konusunu ilk kez
ortaya atarak - sanat tarihine iliflkin en az›ndan bir örnek vermek uygun olacakt›r;
Edouard Manet’nin “Bu tablo sat›l›yor ve bir fahifleden farkl› decurrency1il” diyen
“Olympia”s›. Sanat, kademeli olarak bu durumu daha da fazla aç›k, belirgin hale
getirmekten olufluyor. Bir dicurrency1er örnek de, pek tabii ki Duchamp’›n “Çeflme”sidir, ki
bu asl›nda sat›n al›nm›fl, gerçekten üretilmemifltir bile.
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