3. Earthquakes


Exam hints! Exam hint!


Sample questions 1. In your copy, fill in the blanks in the paragraph below. Use the words provided in the box. You do not need to use all of the words in the box.


an earthquake


a fold mountain conservative


core mantle a volcano tectonic plates


subduction magma


When presented with a question that requires you to fill in the blanks, make sure you attempt each part and do not leave any blank spaces. The answers are given in the box, so based on your knowledge of the topic, give it your best attempt.


The earth is made up of three layers consisting of the crust, ________________ and ________________. The earth’s crust is made up of many plates that fit together like a jigsaw. These plates are called ________________ ________________. The place where these plates meet is called a plate boundary. Plates that are moving apart are called divergent or constructive plate boundaries. A landform associated with this boundary is ________________ ________________. Plates that are colliding are known as convergent or destructive plate boundaries. Where one plate is pushed under another, ________________ occurs. ________________ plate boundaries are plates that are sliding past each other. This may cause a build-up of pressure resulting in ________________ ________________.


(NCCA assessment items, Sample 4, Q1)


2. In 2010 two earthquakes occurred of similar magnitude and similar depth and close to built-up areas. One of these earthquakes occurred in Christchurch, New Zealand, the other in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. Haiti experienced devastating results compared to New Zealand, which experienced mild damage. Haiti is located on an island in the Caribbean. It is classified as a low-income country. It is densely populated with many of its population living in extreme poverty. New Zealand is an island located in the Pacific Ocean. It is classified as a high-income country. Standard of living is very high in New Zealand.


Christchurch Haiti


35


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