You may have spent time on a sandy beach in Co. Wexford, visited the steep Cliffs of Moher in Co. Clare, or explored the Maghera sea caves in Co. Donegal. Ireland has a varied coastline. However, a basic difference can be seen between western shores exposed to the full force of the Atlantic Ocean and the more sheltered east coast.
Communicating
Examine the map in figure 1, paying close attention to the western and eastern coastlines.
1. Describe how the shape of the western coastline is different to that of the eastern coastline.
2. Can you think of any reasons why the coastlines may be different?
1. Ireland’s contrasting coastline
11.2 Coastal Processes
The sea is constantly shaping our coastline. Waves are eroding, depositing and transporting material along the coast.
Erosion by the Sea Waves
Waves are formed from wind moving across the surface of the sea. The strength of the wind and the length of sea that it passes over (called the fetch ) affect the size of the waves. When waves reach the shallow water at the coast, they break. The water that moves up the shore is known as the swash , and the water that moves back down the shore is the backwash .