Junior Cycle Geography CYCLONE


Task 3: Examine the humus content of one soil sample These sample results can be adapted to suit your own task details.


Measurements Weight of soil sample used in experiment: 80 grams Weight of humus content extracted following completion of experiment: 6 grams Convert to a percentage: 6/80 x 100/1 = 7.5%


Conclusions  Breakdown of soil shows 7.5% humus content.  Less fertile soil has less than 5% humus.  Fertile soil has more than 5% humus content.


*Note: Results from Task 1: Examine the vegetation of your three chosen sites can also indicate humus content.


Identifying Soil Profi les from Humus Content  Brown soil is rich in humus content due to presence of vegetation; humus content gives this soil its brown colour.


 Podzol soil has very little humus content due to such characteristics as leaching and the presence of hardpan.


 Gley soil develops in areas prone to flooding (mountains). It has little or no humus content as a result.  Peaty soil develops in upland areas and bogland areas and is also prone to flooding. It has little or no humus content.


Task 4: Measure the moisture and air content of one soil sample These sample results can be adapted to suit your own task details.


Measurements


Weight of soil used in experiment: 10 g Weight of soil following experiment: 6.5 g % air and water in soil: Convert weight loss to a percentage = 3.5/10 × 100 = 35%


Conclusions


 Weight loss can be attributed to loss of air and moisture due to heating.  Air and water are essential for any plant and animal life to survive on or in soil.  Having less than 25% air and 25% water can affect a soil’s fertility.


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