4.3 Extending skills
Criteria refers to a relevant topic contains all of my keywords included in the fi rst ten results published this year frequently cited web address contains .org web address contains .gov web address contains .edu
Possible usefulness
Overall, topical relevance is a very important criterion; generally, it shows a result may well be worth exploring.
T is shows that the text may well be relevant. However, the same word may have diff erent meanings in diff erent academic contexts. Largely the usefulness of this criterion depends on how many keywords were used and how precise they were.
Close matches to search terms are placed higher on the list by the search algorithm, so this is likely to be important if the search is precise. However, it is no guarantee of strict relevance.
Recently published texts are more likely to contain new fi ndings on a topic and are less likely to be outdated. However, this can vary with the topic, as some fi elds change much more slowly than others.
T is is usually an indication that a text is of good quality and is important.
T is signifi es that the website is a not-for-profi t organization. It may have links to commercial organizations, however.
On its own, with no additional domain name, this signifi es that the website is a US government entity. Where a further domain name is used (e.g.,
.gov.uk), it signifi es a government entity from another country.
T is signifi es that the website is an American educational institution.
appears in multiple publications T is could signify that a result is important, though it depends what the publications are. published in an academic journal
• refereed or not • peer-reviewed or not
C Set for pairwork, and feed back visually.
Remind students that they can use phrases as well as single words.
SKILLS BANK 4.2 Doing effective online research
Remind them that they can use full words as well as acronyms, and that they should also consider synonyms. Refer them back to Skills Bank 4.2 to remind them of search operators they could use, if you wish.
You may want to remind students of the diff erence between a review (which looks at a material from a number of articles) and a research article (which provides a fi rst-hand account of a specifi c piece of research). Elicit which type of study might be more appropriate for each of these searches. In general, a review is useful when the person searching has a limited knowledge of the topic.
Possible answers
1. "key issues" OR concerns AND AI OR "artifi cial intelligence" AND medicine
2. developments OR develop AND bioprinting
3. new OR novel AND techniques AND "cancer surgery" OR "neoplasm removal"
D
T is can be assigned for individual work or pairwork, depending on whether students will benefi t from the support of a partner when searching.
Assign a specifi c search from Exercise C to each group. Encourage students to make notes on the results using the criteria in Exercise B.
Encourage students to feed back in small groups on how they searched for the diff erent topics and to make notes on what worked well and what didn’t.
Closure Feed back on Exercise D as a large group.
You may want to assign the searches to be done outside of class. In this case, the feedback and sharing could be an introduction for Lesson 4.4.
Where an article is published is important. Generally, appearance in an academic journal is a sign of respectable research. Some academic journals are especially prestigious by reputation. Academic journals can be:
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