Mental health – time 4 inclusion!

According to the Mental Health Foundation an average of one in

The benefits of physical activity and exercise on our physical health are well-documented, evidenced and reported; most of us can all comfortably recite most of these benefits quite swiftly – improved mobility, improved strength and endurance, improved bone density, reduced risk of osteoporosis, reduced risk of CHD, normalised blood pressure and improved cholesterol and weight management for starters.

However, as Malcolm Ward, principal health promotion specialist for Public Health Wales quotes: “The benefits on mental health, though equally well- documented are not reported nearly as much. And yet the evidence is compelling for both the prevention and amelioration of mental health problems and for general mental well being”

four people will experience some kind of mental health problem

over the course of a year. Debbie Lawrence and Sarah Bolitho look at the arena of mental health issues and explore how exercise can help.

Physical activity and exercise has many benefits for mental health and well-being, these include: improved mood, reduced anxiety, decreased risk of clinically diagnosed depression, improved self-esteem and confidence, increased physical self worth, improved body image and improved cognitive functioning (1).

“Improved circulation of endorphins, contribute to the ‘feel good factor’ being experienced”

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The body adapts physiologically in numerous ways during exercise. Some of these physical adaptations may have a positive effect on psychological well-being (2).

Increased heart rate and circulation lead to an increased core temperature, which provides a short-term tranquillising effect. Enhanced neurotransmission of chemicals released by the endocrine system (norepinephrine, serotonin and dopamine) lead to improvements in mood. Improved circulation of endorphins, contribute to the ‘feel good factor’ being experienced (a benefit also reported by individuals participating in ‘mindfulness’ meditation) (3). Increased adrenal activity leads to increased steroid reserves, which can potentially offer an increased ability to cope with stressful situations more effectively. Increased energy expenditure provides a physical release for increased glucose in the circulatory system caused by the “fight or flight response”.

The REPs Journal 2010;20(March):16-18