“ Activities that involve relaxation and meditation (yoga, pilates, Feldenkrais, chi ball and Nia etc) should also be considered”

2. Polotsky Hanah N, Polotsky Alex J. Metabolic implications of menopause. Seminars in reproductive medicine. Sep 2010 (epub: 23 Sep 2010); 28(5):426-434 3. Ellen W Freeman, Mary D. Sammel, Hui Lin et al. Symptoms associated with menopausal transition and reproductive hormones in midlife women. Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2007;110(2 part 1):230-240 4. Rosano GM, Vitale C, Marazzi G et al. Menopause and cardiovascular disease: the evidence. Climacteric 2007;2:19-24 5. Satoshi Yamazaki, Shoichi Ichimura, Jun Iwamoto et al. Effects of walking on postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism 2004;22:500–508 6. Malgorzata Magliano. Menopausal arthralgia: fact or fiction. Maturitas 2010;67(1):29-33 7. MaryFran Sowers, Kristin Tomey, Mary Jannausch et al. Physical functioning and menopause states. Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2007;110 (6):1279- 1289 8. Dionyssiotis Y, Paspati I, Trovas G et al. Association of physical exercise and calcium intake with bone mass measured by quantitative ultrasound. BMC Women’s Health 2010;10:12 9. Wildman RP, Schott LL, Brockwell S et al. A dietary and exercise intervention slows menopause-associated progression of subclinical atherosclerosis as measured by intima-media thickness of the carotid arteries. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2004;44(3):579-585 10. Mastorakos G, Valsamakis G, Paltoglou G et al. Management of obesity in menopause: Diet, exercise, pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery. Maturitas 2010;65(3):219-224 11. McAndrew LM, Napolitano MA, Albrecht A et al. When, why and for whom there is a relationship between physical activity and menopause symptoms. Maturitas 2009;64(2): 119-125 12. Nursen Teoman, Ayse Ozcan, Berrin Acar. The effect of exercise on physical fitness and quality of life in postmenopausal women. Maturitas 2004;47(1):71-77 13. Lindh-Astrand L, Nedstrand E, Wyon Y et al. Vasometer symptoms and quality of life in previously sedentary postmenopausal women randomised to physical activity or estreogen therapy. Maturitas 2004;48(2):97-105

14. Anderson A, Anderson D, Hurst C. Modeling factors that influence exercise and dietary change among midlife Australian women: Results from the Healthy Aging of Women Study. Maturitas 2010;67(2):151-158 15. American College of Sports Medicine’s position stand. Kohrt WM, Bloomfield SA, Little KD et al. Activity and Bone Health. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 2004;34(11):1985-1996 16. Chief Medical Officer. At least five a week: Evidence on the impact of physical activity and its relationship to health. Department of Health April 2004 http://bit.ly/bgFsJS

FURTHER INFORMATION: n The British Menopause Society www.thebms.org.uk. The BMS is a registered charity and scientific society directed at the medical profession, healthcare professionals and others specialising in post reproductive health. n National Osteoporosis Society www.nos.org.uk. A UK wide

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charity dedicated to improving the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. n NHS Evidence Library www.library. nhs.uk/womenshealth. Dedicated to provide all professionals involved in the care of women with access to the best current knowledge to support clinical decisions

n The Menopause Exchange: www. menopause-exchange.co.uk. An independent forum for advice and information on menopause.

THE AUTHOR

Sarah Bolitho is the curriculum and business coordinator for Fitness Wales and a partner with Exact Training. She has extensive practical experience of working with older adults and

has a particular interest in exercise and the reproductive cycle – female and male! She has also been involved in the development and delivery of a number of courses on exercise and mental health.

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS

ON-LINE TO EARN CPD POINTS Please log in to the members area of the REPs website to give your answers

Q1 Q2

Q3

How many phases of the menopause are there? Is it? a) three b) four c) five

Levels of which hormone typically drop during the menopause? Is it: a) progesterone b) testosterone c) oestrogen

What is the average weight gain associated with the menopause? Is it: a) 2-3 kgs b) 3-4 kgs c) 4-5 kgs

The REPS Journal 2009;00(Month):00-00 The REPs Journal 2011;21(June):15-22