124 ANTI-AGEING


Comprehensive approach to healthy ageing


Maïlys Lelem - Barentz


People worldwide are living longer lives than ever before. This global phenomenon of population ageing is a significant demographic transition that presents both opportunities and challenges. From 2000 to 2050, the proportion of the world’s population aged 60 years and older is projected to double, while those aged 80 years and older will nearly quadruple. In the US, the number of centenarians is


projected to more than quadruple over the next three decades, from an estimated 101,000 in 2024 to about 422,000 in 2054, according to the projections from the U.S. Census Bureau (Figure 1). Biologically, ageing is the result of an


accumulation of several types of molecular and cellular damage over time. This process leads to a gradual decline in both physical and mental abilities, an increased susceptibility to diseases, and, eventually, death. While the rise in life expectancy reflects


significant advancements in healthcare and socioeconomic development, it also raises important questions about the quality of life in later years. Ageing is among the most important known


risk factors for most chronic diseases (Fig.2). The central challenge for our societies today and in the years to come, is ensuring that ageing populations can live healthily, free from chronic or age-related conditions. Three groups of physiological changes


associated with age have been defined: 1) changes in cellular homeostasis mechanisms (body temperature, blood and extracellular fluid volumes); 2) decrease in organ mass; and 3) decline in and loss of the functional reserve of the body.1


PEW Research Centre 421.7 Projected


Total estimated number of Americans ages 100 and older, in thousands


80.1


1950 2.3 3.3 4.8 15.0


37.3 50.5 53.5 101.5 '60 '70 '80 '90 '00 '10 '20 2024 2054


Note: The Census Bureau uses calculated estimates for years prior to the 1990 census because it has identified large errors in the census counts of centenarians for those years. Counts for 2024 and 2054 are projections. Source: U.S. Census Bureau.


Figure 1: US centenarians projected to quadruple in number by 2054 PERSONAL CARE April 2025 However, it is essential to recognize that


ageing is not a disease, but a complex biological process influenced by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. While intrinsic factors include genetics and metabolic processes, extrinsic influences such as environmental exposures, lifestyle choices, and stressors play a crucial role in shaping the ageing trajectory. This interplay between internal and


45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0


18-24 25-44 45-64 65-74 Age years Figure 2: Increase of age-related diseases in humans during ageing www.personalcaremagazine.com 75-84 >85


external mechanisms highlights the need to move beyond a purely disease-centred view of ageing and adopt a more holistic, function-focused approach. By understanding the underlying physiological determinants of ageing, we can develop targeted strategies to enhance longevity and preserve overall well- being. In this regard, the World Health Organization


Arthritis Heat disease


Cancer


Diabetes COPD Asthma


Prevalence %


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