Low-pressure systems travel across the Atlantic and are associated with strong winds, rain and shifting wind direction. They also feature warm and cold fronts, the dividing lines between warm and cold air. Fronts are associated with changes in wind direction and often gusty conditions.


低压系统穿过⼤⻄洋时，常伴随强⻛、降⾬和⻛向的改变。还包含暖锋和冷锋，即暖空⽓和 冷空⽓之间的分界线。锋⾯的到来通常会改变⻛向，且往往伴有阵⻛。


High-pressure systems are born over land or sea and move more slowly, generally being associated with good weather and light winds.


⾼压系统形成于陆地或者海洋上，移动速度较慢，⼀般会带来好天⽓和轻⻛。


Local Effects 当地影响


Wind often differs from what has been forecast, which can be very frustrating. Two sailors discussing their day on the water may find that they have had very different experiences even though they were sailing only a few miles away from each other.


实际⻛况常常和预报不⼀样，难免让⼈头疼。即使两名⽔⼿只相距⼏英⾥，在讨论他们当天 的航⾏时，也可能会发现各⾃的体验截然不同。


Such differences can be due to the geography of the land, especially on large waters surrounded by hills producing their own localised climatic effects. In some wind directions this can produce funnelling (venturi effects). For example, a prevailing Force 2 wind squeezed between two hills can exit the end of the valley at twice the strength. This kind of knowledge can usually only be gained from local sailors. As you start to sail regularly at alternative locations, in different conditions, you will soon pick up on the local knowledge and become a better informed and competent sailor.


造成这种差异的原因之⼀是地形因素，尤其是在丘陵环绕的⼤型⽔域中，周围环境会形成各 ⾃的局部⽓候效应。在某些⻛向条件下，还可能产⽣⻛道效应（⽂丘⾥效应）。例如，⼀股 盛⾏的⼆级⻛在两座⼭丘之间被挤压后，从⼭⾕⼝吹出时，⻛⼒可能会增强到原来的两倍。 这类知识通常只能从当地⽔⼿那⾥获得。随着你在不同地点、不同⽓象条件下更频繁地航 ⾏，你会逐渐掌握这些当地经验，并成⻓为⼀名⻅多识⼴、更加⽼练的⽔⼿。


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