NATURALS
as a clear reduction in the number of active sweat glands (perspiration droplets) induced by physical effort at D7 and D14, compared to that at D0, as well as in the total amount of sweat excreted (as measured by total droplet area), both of which drop very significantly along the course of the trial (Figures 3 & 4). In comparison to D0, the number of sweat glands activated by effort was reduced by over 50% at D7 and over 75% at D14 (respectively, effort induced an increase in active sweat glands of 71% at D0, but only 35% at D7 and 17% at D14). Also compared to D0, the total amount of excreted sweat due to effort was reduced by about 70% at D7 and over 95% at D14 (respectively, effort induced an increase in amount of excreted sweat of 105% at D0, but only 33% at D7 and 4.5% at D14). In comparison to the placebo, the number
of active sweat glands (perspiration droplets) induced by effort was reduced by 28% vs. placebo at D14, while the total amount of sweat released as a result of physical effort was reduced by 41% vs. placebo, also at D14. This effect is significant vs. D0 at D7 and D14, and vs. placebo at D14.
Wrinkle reduction The anti-wrinkle effect was evaluated by image analysis (AEVA 3D) of 3D images of the skin topography in the crow´s feet area and the upper part of the forehead. 1% Leucojum aestivum bulb extract in formulation delivered a rapid anti-wrinkle effect in the crow’s feet area. This was shown as a reduction in wrinkle
counts and wrinkle volume from as few as three days of use and reached full intensity from as few as seven, with wrinkle counts decreasing by about 40% vs. placebo at D7, and wrinkle volume decreasing by over 30% vs. placebo at D14 (Figure 4 & 5). These effects are statistically significant vs. D0 and vs. placebo from D7. In the forehead area, 1% Leucojum aestivum
bulb extract in formulation showed a strong advantage vs. placebo in wrinkle counts, reaching a maximal amplitude (along with statistical significance) at D14 of -38% vs. placebo (Figure 7).
Conclusion Significant changes of facial morphology and appearance as well as excessive sweating influence social perception and, consequently, self-confidence. Botox injection is an effective approach to smoothen expression lines and reduce excessive sweating. However, it requires expensive visits to a dermatologist, involves a certain discomfort, and may have undesired side effects. Users are therefore seeking a safe, non-invasive cosmetic alternative to Botox injections.
[µm]
325.500 260.400 195.300 130.200 65.100 0.000 -65.100
-130.200 -130.200 -195.300 260.400 -325.500
Vol. #5 (age 37) D0 Vol. #13 (age 35) D0 D7
51
Figure 6: Illustrative photographs of crow’s feet wrinkle reduction (Vol. #13), D0 (left) vs. D7 (right) 1% Leucojum aestivum bulb extract ■ Placebo ■
35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
-5 -10 D3 D7 Wrinkle count D14 * p<0.05
Figure 7: Wrinkle reduction (AEVA image analysis) in forehead area
The results show that an extract of Leucojum
aestivum bulbs exhibits Botox-like activity in vitro, completely freezing contractions in a muscle- nerve co-culture. With reduced movement of facial muscles, wrinkles may appear softened and reduced. In the same way, reducing muscle contraction around sweat glands may reduce sweat excretion. This was borne out by the results of a double-
blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, where the same extract of Leucojum aestivum bulbs at 1% in formulation quickly and strongly reduced both sweat excretion induced by exercise and the appearance of wrinkles and lines in the crow’s feet and forehead areas. The results show that an aqueous extract of
dormant Leucojum aestivum bulbs possesses muscle-relaxant activity, and is able to deliver rapid and strong Botox-like effects to skin. These demonstrate the potential of this extract for a variety of Botox-like applications aimed at a beauty-conscious, active public, including its use in products aimed at reducing excessive sweating, for instance in ‘active beauty’ products and anti-ageing/anti-wrinkle applications, while avoiding the main drawbacks of periodic Botox injections.
D7 -7% -19% -38%*
References 1. Athleisure trend creates opportunities for skincare brands. Cosmetics Technology. 2018.
https://www.cosmetics-technology. com/research-reports/athleisure-trend- opportunities-skincare/
2. Drachman DB. Pharmacological denervation of skeletal muscle in chick embryos treated with botulinum toxin. Trans. Am. Neurol. Assoc. 1965; 90:241-2
3. Jabbari B. History of Botulinum Toxin Treatment in Movement Disorders. Tremor Other Hyperkinet. Mov. New York. 2016; 6:394
4. Carruthers A, Bruce S, de Coninck A, Connolly S, Cox SE, Davis PG, Campo A, Lei X, Somogyi C, Lee E, McLean H, Beddingfield F et al. Efficacy & safety of onabotulinumtoxin: A for the treatment of crow’s feet lines: A multi-center, randomized, controlled trial. Dermatologic Surgery: Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery 2010. 40(11):1181-1190
5. Fagien S, Cohen JL, Coleman W, Monheit G, Carruthers J, Street J, Larsen K, Yushmanova I, Lei X, Lee E, Vitarella D, Mao C. Forehead line treatment with onabotulinumtoxin A in subjects with forehead and glabellar facial rhytids: A phase 3 study. Dermatologic Surgery. 2017. 43:S274-S284
6. American Society of Plastic Surgeons. 2018 Plastic Surgery Statistics Report. https://
www.plasticsurgery.org/documents/News/ Statistics/2018/plastic-surgery-statistics- full-report-2018.pdf
7. Tyrell D. Facial yoga brings exercise to anti-aging. Mintel Group 2018: https://
www.mintel.com/blog/beauty-market- news/facial-yoga-brings-exercise-to-anti- aging
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8. Strutton DR, Kowalski JW, Glaser DA, Stang PE. US prevalence of hyperhidrosis & impact on individuals with axillary hyperhidrosis: Results from a national survey. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 2004. 51(2):241-8
9. Doft MA, Hardy KL, Ascherman JA. Treatment of hyperhidrosis with botulinum toxin. Aesthet. Surg. J. 2012. 32(2):238-44
10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 [mm] 60. 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 [mm] 60. Figure 8: Illustrative AEVA images of forehead wrinkle reduction (Vol. #5), D0 (left) vs. D7 (right)
www.personalcaremagazine.com
10. Parolo G, Abeli T, Rossi G, Dowgiallo G, Matthies D. Biological flora of Central Europe: Leucojum aestivum L. Persp. Plant Ecol. Evol. Systematics. 2011. 13(4):319-330
11. Bowman WC. Neuromuscular block. Br. J. Pharmacol. 2006;147:S277–S286
April 2022 PERSONAL CARE
Variation (% vs. D0)
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