CHAPTER 8 – THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Structures of the respiratory system
Nose Mouth
Epiglottis Trachea Right lung Ribcage Right bronchus Bronchioles
Intercostal muscles
Diaphragm :Fig. 8.2 The respiratory system The respiratory system is made up of a number of organs.
Mouth and nose Air enters the respiratory system through the mouth and the nose.
Air that enters through the nose is warmed and moistened to make it easier for gases to be exchanged between the lungs and blood. The hairs and mucus in the nose clean the air by removing dust and micro-organisms (bacteria).
Epiglottis
The epiglottis is a flap of tissue that stops food from going down the ‘wrong way’ and entering the trachea.
Trachea The trachea is commonly known as the windpipe. It is made from c-shaped rings of cartilage that keep it open.
The trachea allows air to flow to the bronchus. ? TEST TUBE
4. List three ways that the nose prepares air for inhalation. 5. What stops food from entering the trachea? 6. What stops the trachea from closing?