CHAPTER 32 – ELECTRICAL POWER AND EFFICIENCY Calculating the cost of electrical energy
As an appliance with more power uses more energy, it costs more money to run.
Electricity companies use a unit called the kilowatt-hour (kWh) to measure how much electricity a household has used in a given period and to calculate how much money they must pay. 1 kWh is 1000 W of power used for 1 hour.
Generally, the price of 1 kWh is around 29 cents. However, the cost per unit charged by an electricity company can go up or down and customers are notified of any upcoming changes.
EXAMPLE
Question An electric heater with a power rating of 3 kW is used for 4 hours a day for a full week.
Calculate a. the number of kWh used b. the total cost, if 1 kWh is 29 cents
b. cost = number of kWh used × cost per unit cost = 84 kWh × 29 cents cost = €24.36
: Fig. 32.4
FIGURE IT OUT!
1. A fan heater with a power rating of 2 kW is used for 3 hours a day for a full week. Calculate: a. the number of kWh used b. the total cost, if 1 kWh is 29 cents
2. In 2022, there was a sharp rise in the cost of electricity. Electric Ireland began to charge 43.27 cents per kWh. Calculate how much the same fan heater from question 1 would cost to run at this increased rate.
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TEST TUBE
1. Research the current average cost of 1 kWh in Ireland. 2. Explain why it is important to monitor electricity use in the home.