8. When hydrogen peroxide is left in a clear container at room temperature, it slowly decomposes to produce oxygen and water. Manganese dioxide acts as a catalyst and speeds up this reaction without being chemically changed. Students carried out a number of trials to find the best conditions to make oxygen. The set-up for their investigation is shown in Fig. 21.18.
Gas syringe
Conical flask
Reaction mixture
(Fig. 21.18
The same volume and concentration of hydrogen peroxide was used in each trial. The following table shows the data collected by the students:
Time (s)
30 60 90
Volume of oxygen produced with no manganese dioxide (cm3
) Volume of oxygen
produced with 0.65 g of manganese dioxide (lumps) (cm3
)
120 150
00 0 0 0 1 1 2
8
14 19 23 26
Volume of oxygen
produced with 0.65 g of manganese dioxide (powder) (cm3
) 0
15 30 45 47 50
a. Plot the results in the table above using an appropriate graph. b. Compare and describe the shape of the graphs produced by the three sets of data. c. Does using the lumps or powdered versions of manganese dioxide change the results?
d. When the reaction has finished, will the volume of gas produced be the same or different for the two versions of the catalyst? Justify your answer.
9. Copy and complete the following table to record how common gases are produced: Gas
Reactants required
Hydrogen Oxygen Carbon dioxide
10. a. What is a biochemical reaction?
b. Give an example of a biochemical reaction and outline the factors that will affect the rate of this reaction.