UNIT 5 – EARTH AND SPACE


Summary questions 1. What is astronomy?


2. a. How did Nicolaus Copernicus change our understanding of the universe? b. How did Galileo prove Copernicus’s theory?


3. What does the Big Bang model state?


4. a. Outline the contribution of astronomers Georges Lemaître and Edwin Hubble to our understanding of the Big Bang model.


b. What is Hubble’s law?


5. Identify whether the following statements are true or false: a. The universe began slowly and heated up gradually. b. A hot, dense point called a singularity exploded 13.8 billion years ago. c. After the initial Big Bang explosion, particles cooled and began to form atoms. d. Our solar system formed 9 billion years after the Big Bang explosion. e. The universe has stopped expanding.


6. Explain how cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) is evidence of the Big Bang model.


7. a. Name one space telescope. b. Why can space telescopes tell us more about the universe than Earth-based telescopes?


8. What is a light year?


Past paper questions 1. Final Examination 2022, Question 8


During your studies you learned about a scientific model that helps us understand the origin of the universe. a. Name the model you studied. b. Outline two pieces of evidence that support this model.


2. Sample Paper 2018, Question 16


a. Galileo’s discovery of the moons of Jupiter changed our understanding of Earth and space. Describe another example of how our scientific understanding changed over time.


b. Scientists estimate that our solar system began to form about 4.6 billion years ago. Scientists also estimate that our universe formed 13.8 billion years ago. Describe two things that scientists believe happened during the early formation of the universe – before the formation of solar systems.


j Go to page 172 of your Assessment Book to answer more exam-style questions.


346 Elements of Science


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