In nuclear fusion the nuclei of atoms are joined together to release energy (in the same process stars use to generate energy). It is clean and safe, as it produces no greenhouse gas emissions or radioactive by-products. This method of generating electricity is in the early stages of research, but it has the potential to be the most efficient and sustainable way of meeting our future energy needs.
:Fig. 39.13 Nuclear fusion Eureka
In December 2022, scientists at the National Ignition Facility in California successfully produced a nuclear fusion reaction when they released more energy than was used in an experiment. Although only a small amount of energy was generated, this breakthrough finally proved that it is possible for scientists to control fusion. If used efficiently, the method has the potential to produce as much energy from 1 kg of hydrogen isotopes as would be produced from burning 10 million kg of fossil fuel.
)Fig. 39.14 The target chamber at the National Ignition Facility where the nuclear fusion reaction took place
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TEST TUBE
3. Many countries produce a great deal of their electricity using nuclear power, but Ireland does not. Have a class debate about whether nuclear energy should be introduced to Ireland.