8. Explain how energy is dissipated in the following devices: a. a hairdryer b. a petrol engine in a car c. a TV
9. A kettle has 3000 J supplied but only 2000 J converts to heating the water. a. How many joules of energy are dissipated? b. Calculate the percentage efficiency of the kettle. c. Draw a Sankey diagram to represent the flow of energy to and from this kettle.
10. An electric scooter uses 5000 J of energy to move. If the tyres cause 50 J of energy to be wasted in friction:
a. Calculate the percentage energy efficiency. b. Calculate the percentage energy dissipated. c. Draw a Sankey diagram for this device.
11. Describe a device you could build that converts potential energy to kinetic energy, using only materials you find at home.
Past paper questions 1. Final Examination 2022, Question 15
Energy exists in many forms. The energy stored by an object due to its position or shape is called potential energy. The energy of an object due to its motion is called kinetic energy. Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy when a person jumps on a trampoline. The diagrams show the position of a person at certain times while jumping.
:Fig. 29.20
a. Identify a position where the person has least kinetic energy. b. Identify a position where the trampoline has its greatest potential energy. c. Name a force responsible for the motion of the person in position 4. d. Heat energy is also produced when a person uses a trampoline. Describe one possible source of this heat energy.