UNIT 3 – CHEMICAL WORLD
Hydrogen 1
H 1
Lithium 7
Li 3
Sodium 23
Na 11
Potassium 39
K 19
Rubidium 85
Rb 37
Caesium 133
55
Cs 223
Francium 87
Fr
Beryllium 9
Be 4
Magnesium 24
Mg 12
Calcium 40
Ca 20
Strontium 88
Sr 38
Barium 137
Ba 56
Radium 226
Ra 88
Scandium 45
Sc 21
Yttrium 89
Y 39
Lanthanum 139
La 57 Ac *
Actinium 227
89 = 58 Cerium Ce
Tantalum 90
Ta
Praseodymium 59
Pr
Protactinium 91
Pa
Neodymium 60
Nd 92 Uranium U
Promethium 61
Pm
Neptunium 93
Np
Samarium 62
Sm
Plutonium 94
Pu
Europium 63
Eu
Americium 95
Am
Gadolinium 64
Gd 96 Cm Curium 65 Terbium Tb
Berkelium 97
Bk
Dysprosium 66
Dy
Californium 98
Cf 67 Holmium Ho
Einsteinium 99
Es 68 Erbium Er
Fermium 100
Fm 69 Thulium Tm
Mendelevium 101
Md
Ytterbium 70
Yb
Nobelium 102
No 71 Lutetium Lu
Lawrencium 103
Lr
Titanium 48
Ti 22
Zirconium 91
Zr 40
Hafnium 178
Hf 72
Rutherfordium 104
Rf
Vanadium 51
V 23
Niobium 93
Nb 41
Tantalum 181
Ta 73
dubnium 105
Db
Chromium 52
Cr 24
Molybdenum 96
Mo 42
Tungsten 184
W 74
Seaborgium 106
Sg
Manganese 55
Mn 25
Technetium 99
Tc 43
Rhenium 186
Re 75
Bohrium 107
Bh 26
Ruthenium 101
Ru 44
Osmium 190
Os 76
Hassium 108
Hs Fe
Iron 56
Cobalt 59
Co 27
Rhodium 103
Rh 45
Iridium 192
Ir 77
Meitnerium 109
Mt
Nickel 59
Ni 28
Palladium 106
Pd 46
Platinum 195
Pt 78
Copper 64
Cu 29 Ag
Silver 108
47 Au
Gold 197
Zn
Zinc 65
30
Cadmium 112
Cd 48
Mercuy 201
Hg 5
Aluminium 27
Al 13
Callium 70
Ga 31
Indium 115
In 49
Thallium 204
Tl
Boron 11
B 6
Silicon 28
Si 14
Germanium 73
Ge 32 Sn
Tin 119
50 Pb
Lead 207
Carbon 12
C
Nitrogen 14
N 7
Phosphorous 31
P 15
Arsenic 75
As 33
Antimony 122
Sb 51
Bismuth 209
Bi 83 8
Sulfur 32
S 16
Selenium 79
Se 34
Tellurium 128
52
Te 210
Polonium 84
Po
Oxygen 16
O
Fluorine 19
F 9
Chlorine 35-5
Cl 17
Bromine 80
Br 35
Iodine 127
I 53 210 Astatine At 85 2 Ne
Neon 20
10
Argon 40
Ar 18
Krypton 84
Kr 36
Xenon 131
54
Xe 222
Radon Rn
Helium 4
He
Metals
Non-metals : Fig. 20.2 Periodic table showing metals and non-metals Non-metals
Non-metals have the opposite properties to metals. Non-metals are not malleable or ductile, so they are brittle and break easily. They have low melting and boiling points, which means they are liquids or gases at room temperature. They do not conduct heat and electricity well.
CONCENTRATE! A material that allows electricity or heat to flow through it is called a conductor. A material that does not allow electricity or heat to flow through it is called an insulator. Metals are conductors and non-metals are insulators.
The following table summarises the properties of metals and non-metals: Property
Metals Appearance Shiny Strong
Melting point and boiling point High Low Strength Malleable Ductile
Conducts heat Conducts electricity ? TEST TUBE 1. Name five things that are made using metal.
2. Use the periodic table to classify the following elements as either a metal or a non-metal: lithium, helium, gold, chlorine, silicon, aluminium, sodium, iodine, oxygen and potassium.
3. Not all metals and non-metals have the properties listed in the table above. Discover the exceptions to the usual characteristics of metals and non-metals by researching the following questions:
a. Which metal is liquid at room temperature? b. Which non-metal can conduct electricity? c. Which form of carbon is extremely hard and has a very high boiling point?
194 Elements of Science Good conductors of electricity Weak
Malleable Not malleable Ductile Not ductile Good conductors of heat
Poor conductors of heat Poor conductors of electricity Non-metals Dull, often coloured
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