TRENDING TECHNOLOGIES 103
Lipopolysaccharides: skin immunity and resilience
Prescillia Pichonnier - Charles Tennant & Company
As consumer awareness of the skin’s immune function grows, cosmetic science is increasingly exploring biologically active compounds that go beyond superficial hydration or anti-ageing claims. One such emerging ingredient class is lipopolysaccharides (LPS), amphiphilic glycolipids derived from gram-negative bacteria. Traditionally studied for their role in
immunology and gut health, LPS are now being positioned as powerful actives for dermocosmetic applications, particularly for their ability to promote a healthy skin microbiome. Macrophi Inc. is a company grounded in
macrophage biology and a pioneer in innate immunity research. Its LPS technology offers a new path for formulators seeking clinically relevant, immune-supporting actives. This article, brought to you by Charles Tennant
& Company, the Canadian distributor for Macrophi Inc., explores the science behind this innovative ingredient and its diverse benefits in personal care.
Promoting skin immunity with LPS: from soil bacteria to cellular signalling From postbiotics to functionally active ingredients At the core of LPS efficacy is its unique ability to support the skin’s innate immune system. In cosmetic applications, LPS derived from non-pathogenic bacteria that live symbiotically with edible plants such as wheat and rice have demonstrated notable immune-supporting
properties beneficial to skin health. These postbiotic actives stimulate the skin’s
defence mechanisms by influencing the activity of keratinocytes, Langerhans cells, and regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are key players in the epidermal immune network. Through this mechanism, LPS show potential in supporting skin balance and resilience in the context of barrier function,
LPS effect: Work on skin immunity LPS
Stratum corneum
Epidermis (0.2mm)
Granular layer
Spinous layer
Basal layer
Dermis Teff cell Macrophage Treg cell Dendritic cell
Figure 1: LPS interacting with keratinocytes, Langerhans cells, and Treg cells in the epidermis. LPS remains outside the tight junction barrier while engaging with immune-relevant cells
www.personalcaremagazine.com Langerhans cell Tight junction Keratinocytes Has receptors for LPS
Keratinocytes Langerhans cell Treg cell
hydration and overall skin appearance. The LPS used in cosmetic formulations are
selectively sourced from specific Gram-negative bacteria. Extracts from species such as Pantoea agglomerans, Enterobacter asburiae, and Pantoea vagans, naturally found in wheat, rice bran, and apples respectively, have been successfully cultivated for topical use. These LPS are obtained through a standardized fermentation and purification process, resulting in a water- or oil-dispersible active ingredient with consistent quality and safety, making it suitable for topical application.
Mechanism of action on the epidermal immune network To maintain homeostasis, the skin relies on a complex network of immune-capable cells, including keratinocytes, Langerhans cells, and regulatory T cells. These cells exchange immunological signals to support processes such as skin recovery, the removal of damaged cells, and defence against pathogens, ultimately contributing to skin clarity, turnover, and repair. LPS contributes to this immune activity.
Although it cannot penetrate beyond the tight junctions of the granular layer, its lipid structure allows it to interact with the sebum-rich stratum corneum.
April 2026 PERSONAL CARE MAGAZINE
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