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NjhWk; fdlhtpYk; mnkupf;fhtpYk; ngg;utup khjk; nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ. ,J gpupj;jhdpahtpy; mf;Nuhgu; khjk; nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ.
f
Gyk;ngau; fWg;gpd kf;fspd; tuyhw;W epfo;TfisAk; mjd; top mtu;fspd; Kjd;ikiaAk; typAWj;JtJk; epidT $u;tJk; ,jd; mbg;gil Nehf;fk;.
Xu; 6 taJilatUf;Fk; vdf;Fk; ,d;W eilngw;w Xu; Ngr;R ,t;thW mike; jJ. ehd; vjw;fhfNth “fWg;gpd tu yhw;W khjk;” vd;gij cr;rupj;Njd;. “mg;gh! vd;d nrhd;ddPq;fs;. mg;gb nad;why; vd;d?”(Mq;fpyj;jpy; - miu Fiwj; jkpopy; ,Ue;J nkhopngau;g;G)
“Fwpg;gpl;l fWg;gu; vd;W miof;fg;gl; Nlhu; ,e;j ehl;Lf;F epiwag; gq;fspg; Gr; nra;jpUf;fpwhu;fs;. mtu;fis ngU ikg;gLj;jTk; mijg;gw;wpj; njupe;J nfhs;sTk; cupa khjj;ij ,t;thW miof;fpd;wdu;.”
“mJ rup. Mdhy; fWg;G (gu;) vd;w ngaupy; ahUk; ,y;iyNa”
“mJ me;j epwKilNahiu xU njhFjp kf;fshff; fUjp mtu;fis miof; Fk; nghJg;ngau;. xU Mspd; ngauy;y. jk;gp!
ePq;fs; ,ijg;gw;wp cq;fs; Mrp upauplk; Nfl;fyhk;.”
“Mk;. ehis fz;bg;ghff; Nfl;Ngd;. (,e;jf;Fspupy; mtu; tpbaf;fhiy Js;sp vOe;J gs;spf;F Nghdhy; kl;Lk; ,J rhj;jpak;.... Nfl;ghu;)”
“,ijg;Nghy ekf;Fk; jkpoUf;Fk; xd; Wz;L. nghq;fy; njupAk;jhNd. mjd; fhyj;jpy; ,ijg;Nghyr; rpwpastpy; xU epfo;T ele;Jnfhz;L ,Uf;fpwJ.”
“mg;gbah? mjw;F Vd; ehq;fs; Nghf tpy;iy”
vd;dplk; fhuzj;Jld; gjpy; ,y;iy. mLj;j Mz;L ehk; Nghtijg;gw;wpr; rpe;jpg;Nghk; vd;w xg;ge;jj;Jld; Ngr;R Kbe;jJ.
fWg;gpd tuyhw;W khjj;jpd; Njhw;wNk Vwf;Fiwa E}w;whz;L nfhz;lJ. 1926J Mz;by; Xu; fWg;gpd tuyhw;whrpupau; ngg;gputup khjj;jpd; ,uz;lhtJ fpo ikia ‘ePf;fpNuh tuyhw;Wf; fpoik’ vd mwptpj;jhu;. ,e;jf; fpoikapy;jhd; Mgpuhfhk; ypq;fdpd; gpwe;jehs; tU tJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
1969tJMz;lstpy; mkupf;fhtpd; nfd;w; khfhzg; gyf;iyf;fofj;jpd; mwpNth uhy; fWg;gpd tuyhw;W khjk; vd;gJ Kd;itf;fg;gllJ.
1987y; gpupj;jhdpahtpYk; ,J filg;gp bf;fg;gl;lJ. Mdhy; xf;Nuhgu; khjkhf ,Uf;fpwJ. ,J yz;ld; efu fTd;rp ypy; Kd;itf;fg;gl;lJ.
1995y; jhd; fdlhtpy; fWg;gpd tuyhw;W khjj;jpw;fhd Kd;ndLg;G nfhz;L tug;gl;lJ. Mdhy; kw;w ,lq;fisg; Nghyy;yhky; mJ ghuhSkd;wj;jpd; nghJr;rigapy; Kd;itf;fg;gl;L Vfk djhf Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;lJ. gpd;du; 2008tJ Mz;by; nrdl; rigapy; mNj Nfhupf;if Kd;itf;fg;gl;L Vfkdjhf Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,d;W fdlh KOikf;Fk; ng;gutup khjk; fWg;gpd
Wg;gpd kf;fspd; tuyhw;W khjk; my;yJ Mg;gupf;f mnkupf;fu;fspd; tuyhw;W khjk; vd;gJ Mz;L
tuyhw;W khjkhff; nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ.
Nghd;w Gfo;ngw;w glq;fspy; ebj;j kpfr;rpwe;j ebfu;fspy; xUtuhd Nkhu; fd; /guPkhd; Nghd;Nwhu; NtW fUj;J itj;Js;sdu;. ‘fWg;gpd tuyhw;W khjk; vd;gJ Njitapy;iy. mnkupf;f tu yhW vd;gNj fWg;gpd tuyhWjhd;’ vd;gNj mtuJ thjk;.
,ijg;NghyNt ngz;fspd; tuyhw;W khjk;> tuyhw;W khjk; vd;gdTk; IupR mnkupf;fu; kuGupik khjk;> A+j mnkupf;fupd; kuGupik khjk;> Nghu;Nlh upf;Nfh mnkupfupd; kuGupik khjk;> ,];ghdpa topte;Njhupd; kuGupik khjk;> jpngj;jpa mnkupf;fupd; kuGupik khjk;> xUghy; Nruf;ifahsu; ngUikf; Fupa khjk; vdg; gy cs;sd. ,jpy; gy mnkupf;fhtpy;jhd; filg;gpbf;fg; gLfpwJ.
fdlhtpy; jw;Nghija jkpou; kuGupik khjk; njhlu;ghf eilngWk; epfo;Tf isAk; ,j;NjhL nghUj;jpg;ghu;f;fyhk;.
1776 Kjy; mnkupf;fhtpd; tpLjiyg; Nghupd; njhlu;ghf tpLjiy jug;gLk; vd;w thf;FWjpAld; gpupj;jhdpau;fSld; gy fWg;gpd kf;fs; fdlhtpd; fpof; Fg; gFjpfSf;Fs; te;jdu;.
jha;tPL • ngg;gputup
fdlhtpy; fWg;gpd kf;fspd; tuyhw;W khjj;ijf; nfhz;lhLk;gb fdlhtpd; muNr Ntz;LNfhs; tpLf;fpwJ. fle;j Mz;L FbAupik> FbtuT> gy;gz; ghl;Lepiyf;fhd mikr;ru; N[rd; nfd;dp tpLj;j miog;G gpd;tUkhW cs;sJ: ‘fdbau;fshf ehk; ekf;F Kd;du; te;J jq;fisg; gypahf;fp ,e;j tskhd ,d;iwf;fpUf;Fk; fdlhit cUthf;fpj; je;j Kd;Ndhiu epidT $u;tJ Kjd;ikahdJ. ,e;jtifapy; Mgpupf;f> fuPgpa topte;j fWg;gpd kf; fspd; gq;fspg;G Kf;fpakhdJ. fWg; gpd kf;fis ngUikg;gLj;Jk; tif apy; fdlhtpd; mikr;ru; vd;w tif apy; midj;Jf; fdbau;fisAk; ,e; epfo;TfspYk; tpohf;fspYk; gq;nfLf; FkhW miof;fpNwd;.’
nuhud;Nuh efupd; rhu;gpYk; ,e;j epfo;T Vwf;Fiwa midj;J ,lq;fspYk; filg;gpbf;fg;gLk;. ,k;khjk; KOtJk; nuhud;Nuhtpd; E}yfq;fs; kpfTk; Fwpg; ghd Kd;itg;Gf;fisr; nra;Ak;. gy epfo;Tfs; elj;jg;gLk;. ,J nuhud;Nuh ngUk;ghfj;jpYk; gpw efuq;fspYk; Kidg;Gld; elf;fpwJ.
nuhud;Nuhtpy; G+q;fhf;fspy;$l fhy epiyapd; rhu;igg; nghWj;J fle;j Mz;Lfspy; rpwg;ghd epfo;r;rpfs; elj; jg;gl;bUf;fpd;wd. mUq;fhl;rpafq;fsp
February 2017
Yk; ,Jnjhlu;ghd gy njhlu; fz; fhl;rpfs; rpwg;ghf ,lk;ngWk;.
ngg;gputup khjk; KOtJk; eilngWk; ,jpy; VjhtJ xU jlitahtJ rpwhu; fSld; ghu;itahsuha;f; fye;Jnfhs; syhk;.
jkpo;r; rpwhu;fisAk; ,e;epfo;r;rpf;F mioj;Jr;nry;tJ mwpT+l;LtJk; czu; T+l;LtJk; MFk;. mjd; topahf mtu; fs; jkpiog;gw;wp epidg;ghu;fs;. ehk; ahu;> ehk; Vd; ,q;F te;Njhk;. ehk; vd;d tuyhw;iwf; nfhz;bUf;fpNwhk; Nghd;w Nfs;tpfs; ahUk; Nfl;fhkNyNa rpwhu; kdjpy; vOk;.
kiwKfkhf jkpou; kuigg; gpbj;J itf;Fk; rpwe;j Kaw;rp vJntd;why; midj;J kuGfisAk; kjpg;gJk; Kidg; Gld; mwptJk;jhd;.
crhj;Jiz:
• ''$)))!( '( '(% &! "*&$
• ''$)))" &$%'!"' !&''!"'&&$
• ''$")$#%) &'#%+#"' • ''$)))" &!( '( '(% &! $%#!#'#"&$
• ''$)))'#%#"'# &'#%+
• ''$))) &'#%+"('#" %""## &$
• ''$")$#%) "%%#(" %#
fWg;gpd tuyhw;W khjk;
- kh%yd;
1784y; Nehth];Nfhrpahtpy; nts;is apd Nghu;tPuu; fWg;gpd kf;fis Nehf;fp ,df;fytuj;ijf; fl;ltpo;j;jdu;.
1792 ,df;fytuj;jpw;F jhf;Fg;gpbf;f Kbahky; Vwf;Fiwa 1200 Ngu; Mgp upf;fhtpd; rpahuh ypNahDf;F jg;gpXbdu;.
1796 ,NyNa Kjypy; fly;fle;j mf jpfshf [Nkf;fhtpypUe;J `yp/ghf; rpy; 600 fWg;gpd kf;fs; murpay; jQ;rk; GFe;Js;sdu;.
1800fspd; njhlf;fg;gFjpapy; mnkupf; fhtpy; Nghu; tYf;fTk; fdlhtpy; ghJ fhg;ghfTk; tpLjiyAlDk; ,Uf;f yhk; vd;W Gfo;ngw;w ‘,ufrpa uapy; ghij’ fdlhTf;F gy fWg;gpd kf;fs; jg;gp te;jdu;. ,J cz;ikapy; Gif tz;bg;ghij my;y. me;j eilKiwf;F mt;thW ngau; itj;jdu;. gy ufrpa topfspy; mbikg;gLj;JNthUf;F njup ahky; Ml;fisf; flj;Jk; cjtpahs Uld; jg;gp te;jdu;.
mtu;fs; jq;Fkplq;fs;> Gifapuj epiy aq;fs; vdg;gl;ld. Xuputpy; 12 Kjy; 30 fpNyhkPwu; tiu ele;J te;jhu;fs;. Vwf;Fiwa ,t;thW 1 yl;rk; fWg;gpd kf;fs; fdlhTf;F te;jjhfr; nrhy;tu;.
nuhud;Nuh> eahfuh> tpz;l;ru; Mfpa gFjpfspy; kl;Lk; 30 Mapuk;Ngu;tiu te;J Nru;e;jpUf;fyhk;. ,ijg;Nghy Nehth];NfhrpahtpYk; gpupl;b\; nfhyk; gpahtpYk; te;J Nru;e;jhu;fs;. ,J kl; LNk gy Nrhfq;fisAk; Rthurpaq;f isAk; nfhz;l tuyhW.
1833y; gpupj;jhdpa ghuhSkd;wk; mb ikepiy xopg;igr; rl;lkhf;fpaJ.
kh%yd;
maamoolan@thaiveedu.com
2005y; fWg;gpd top te;j xU ngz; kzp kpNry; N\hd;() fdlh tpd; MSduhdhu;.
th\pq;ldpYs;s fWg;gpdj; jiytH khl;bd; Y}jH fpq;fpd; epidtpl rpiy
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