- 30 - fdlhtpd; g+HtPff;;... 28k; gf;fj; njhlHr;rp...
kdpj ,dj;ijf; fhTnfhz;l nfhba Nehapdhl goq;Fbapdupl Fwpg;ghf nkhfhTf; kw;Wk; fpA+wd; ,df;FOkj; jpdupl 75 tpOf;fhl;bdiu ,oe;Js;sJ (Hill, 2005, p. 144). ,jpl Foe;ij- fisg; ngw;nwLf;ff;$ba 15f;Fk; 40tajpw;Fk; ,ilNaahdtHfNs ,e;j capHnfhlypNehapdhl ghjpf;fg;gl; ltHfs;. ,jdhl ghlrhiyfisg; nghWg;Ngw;Wf;nfhz;l N[R rigapdH ngUe;njhifahd gps;isfSf;Ff; fltp mwpT+l;l Kbahkw; NghdJ vdf; nfhs;sg;gLfpd;wJ.
1680l epA+ gpuhd;rpl ghlrhiyfisg; nghWg;Ngw;Wf; nfhz;l N[R rigap dH> gpuQ;R FbNaw;w MSeiu jq; fsplk; xg;gilf;fg;gLk; goq;Fbg; ngz;gps;isfis FLk;gj; jpwd;fspy; fltpawpT+l;b> gpd;dH mtHfisg; gpuQ;Rf; FbNaw;wf;fhuiu kze;J nfhs;s tha;g;gspg;gjhf cWjpaspj; jdH. ,jid Vw;Wf;nfhz;l gpuQ;R Fb Naw;w murhq;fKk; ,t;tpjk; kze;J nfhs;Sk; ngz;fSf;F rPjdk; nfhLf; fTk; Kd;te;jJ. (Dickason, 1992, p. 171). ,J ngUksT ntw;wpiaj; je; jjhff; fUjKbahJs;sJ.
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fpilf;fhjikahl
mtHfsJ fltpapl ghuhKfk; Vw;g Lj;jg;gl;lJ. tjptpl ghlrhiyfSf;F tuhj gps;isfSf;Ff; fltp kWjypf; fg;gl;bUe;jJ. ,e;j ehl;bd; goq;F bapdupd; gq;fspg;G jq;fSf;Ff;fpl;l tpliy vd;w fhuzj;jpdhl gpupj;jhdpa murpd; goq;FbapdUf;fhd Jiz mj;jpal;rfuhf tpUe;j lq;fd; fk;gl ];nfhl; (1913-1932) vd;ghH goq;Fbap dUf;fhd tptfhu Nritapl 1979l ,ize;Jnfhz;ltH. mtNu goq;Fb apdupd; gl tpohf;fspd; nraw;ghLf isAk; eilKiwapl ,Ue;j ,e;jpa upd; 1920k; Mz;bd; murpal rl;lj;ij Ak; ,lyhnjhopj;jtH MthH. “ehd; ,e;jpaupd; gpur;rpidapl ,Ue;J tpL glNtz;Lk;. ehd; ,e;jpaupd; gpur;rp idia xU fhuzkhf epidf;ftpliy> xU tHf;fj;jpdH jhkhfNt jq;fs; fhypl epw;ff;$batHfSf;f ,e;j ehL njhlHe;J ghJfhg;gspf;f Ntz;ba jpliy... vq;fs; vz;zg;ghq;F ,e;j ehl;bl xU jdp ,e;jpad; ,lyhj
epiy cUthfNtz;Lk;. murpaypl ,e;jpaH xUtUk; cs;thq;fg;glf;$ lhJ. ,e;jpad; vd;Dk; Nfs;tpf;Nf ,lkpliy> ,e;jpa jpizf;fsk; xd;W vd;W ,liy> mJjhd; KOtJkhd vz;zf;fU. (McGillivray, 1997, p. 143)
jha;tPL • ngg;gputup
gj;jpl xUtuhff; fhzg;gl;lhH vd tuyhw;whsH bf;rd; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whH. 1894f;Fk; 1908k; Mz;Lf;Fk; kpilNa 28tPjkhd khztHfs; frNeha;fhuz khf ,we;Js;sdH vd mwpf;iffs; vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfpd;wd. $g;gHj; jPtpl ,Ue;j gps;isfspl 40 tpOf;fhl;bdH gbg;ig Kbj;J tPL jpUk;g Kd;dNu ,we;JNghapdH vd ,e;jpa tptfhu gjpNtLfs; fhl;Lfpd;wd vdg; NghH
February 2017
tha;g;igAk; njhopltha;g;igAk; jpl; lkpl;Nl gpd;js;spAs;sdH vd;gJ ntspg; gil. fpwp];jt kprdwpkhUf;Fk; Njth yaq;fSf;Fk; nfhLf;fgl;l epjp cj tpapid epWj;jp goq;Fbapdiu nghJg; ghlrhiy mikg;gpw;Fs; nfhz;Ltu Ntz;Lk; vd;Dk; rpe;jid murpayh sHfspilNa Kidg;Gf; nfhz;ljd; fhuzkhf goq;Fbapdupd; gps;isfs; fltpiag; ngWk; tha;g;ig mspf;f murhq;fk; Kd;te;jJ. vdpDk; fltp tsq;fis toq;Ftjpl glNtW jil fisAk; ,lHghLfisAk; vjpHnfhs;s Ntz;ba epiyAk; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. jdpahH epWtdq;fshd rka rhHghd epWtdq;fsplk; goq;Fbapdupd; fl tpia xg;gilj;jpUe;jik fltp tu yhw;wpl xU fiwgbe;j fhykhFk; vd;gJ czug;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jdhl 1970k; Mz;Lld; tpLjpg; ghlrhiy fs; gbg;gbahf epWj;jg;gl;L> goq; Fbapduplk; Muk;gg; ghlrhiyfis nghWg;Ngw;W elj;Jk; epyik Vw;gl;lJ.
fdba fltp tuyhw;wpl ,e;j ehl;bd; Mjpf;Fbfspd; fltptsHr;rpapl kl;L kd;wp Mgpupf;f mnkupf;fHfspd; fltp tsHr;rpapYk; glNtW rfpf;fKbahj> ntWf;fj;jf;f epfo;Tfs; ,lk;ngw;Ws; sd.
ehLfhz; glyj;NjhLMuk;gpj;J Nkw; fpe;jpaj; jPTf;$l;lq;fisf; fz;lwpe; jNjhL epw;fhkl> jq;fs; ey tp];jupg; gpl INuhg;gpa ehLfs; xd;Nwhnlhd;W Nghl;b Nghl;Lf;nfhz;L ehLfisf; ifafg;gLj;jpa tuyhW ahtUk; mwpe;jNj. INuhg;gpaupd; tUifahl fpilj;j ed;ikfs; xU GwKk;> mtH fshl ghjpg;gpw;Fs;shf;fg;gl;l RNj rpfspd; tuyhW ,d;ndhUGwKkhf gjpthfpapUg;gJ kdjpl ePq;fh tL thf mike;Js;sJ. fdba kz;zpl tho;e;Jte;j RNjrpfis xJf;fp itf; fg;gl;NjhL kl;Lkd;wp mtHfs; guk; giu guk;giuahf tho;e;j ,lq;fis tpl;L ntspNaw;wg;gl;ljhl mtHfspd; tptrha KiwfspYk; ngUk; jhf;fk; Vw;gl;lJ. epue;jukhff; FbapUe;jtH fis tlf;fpw;Fk; njw;fpw;Fk; Xb xJq;fp tho itj;jtHfs; fdlhitf; ifafg;gLj;jpa gpuQ;R kw;Wk; Mq;fp NyaNu.
vd;gjid Nehf;Fk;NghJ ,e;j ehl; bl te;J FbNawpatHfs; ,q;F cs; stHfis kdpjhgpkhdf; fz;Nzhl; lj;NjhL ghHf;ftpliy. mtHfspd; jdpj;Jtk; Ngzg;glf;$lhJ. mtHfs; jq;fs; nkhop> gz;ghl;il kwe;J Mq; fpy gz;ghl;ilg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;s Ntz; Lk; vd;gNj Nehf;fkhff; fhzg;gl;lJ. ,J ,d;iwa goq;Fbapdupd; Kf;fpa gpur;rpidfSf;Ff; fhuzkhf mike; jJ vd;gjidg; gyUk; czuj;jiyg; gl;Ls;sdH.
,e;jf; fhyfl;lj;jpl fdlh KOikAk; (1900-1930) 80 tpLjpg; ghlrhiyfs; ,Ue;Js;sd. 1950fspl goq;FbapdH khztHfs; nkhj;j khztHfspl Mwhk; tFg;gpl rpj;jpnaa;jpatHfspl
zpaH vd;gtH Fwpg;gpLfpd;whH (Four nier & Crey, 1997, p.58).
goq;FbapdUf;Ff; fltpia mspj;J mtHfis njhopw;rhiyfspl gzp ahw;wf; $batHfshf Mf;Ftjw;fhd fltpia mtHfSf;F toq;Ftjd; %yk; vq;fsJ kf;fNshL ruprkkhf gq;Fnfhs;Stjw;F tha;g;gspg;gjw; fhfg; gzj;ijr; nrytpLtJ nghJ kf;fspd; ntWg;ig Vw;gLj;Jk;. mtH fs; ,jid Vw;Wf;nfhs;skhl;lhHfs;. vdNt> nghJg;gzj;ij goq;Fbapd upd; fltpf;Fr; nrytpLtJ nghUj;j kw;wJ vdcs;ehl;LmYtlfs;mikr; ruhfTk; ,e;jpa tptfhu mj;jpal;rf uhfTk; ,Ue;j gpwhq; xyptH (1905-1911) Fwpg;gpl;Ls;sik goq;Fbapdupd; fltp
ÿƒV˙¬Ôº\ ®[≈VKD ∂m ÿƒVÕ> T| º√VÈ kÚ\V...
Uthayan Alex Sivasambu
B.Sc. (Hons), M.B.A Broker
Ottawa:
613.276.SALE (7253)
Toronto:
416.659.SELL (7355)
alex-sivasambu@coldwellbanker.ca,
www.sivasamburealty.com
Mgpupf;fhtpl fhLfhlhfr; nrd;W fWg;gpdj;jtiug; gpbj;J mbikfsh ff; nfhz;Lte;J ngUk; epy clik ahsHfSf;F tpw;wJ Nghd;W> fdba RNjrpfisAk; mfg;gLj;jp mtHfspd; gps;isfSf;F fltpawpT+l;b jkJ kjj;jpl NrHj;Jf;nfhz;lJ kl;Lkd;wp ngz;gps;isfis kzg;ngz;fshf Tk; Mf;fp gpuQ;R> kw;Wk; gpupj;jhdpa NghHtPuHfs; kze;Jnfhs;sTk; topt Ff;fg;gl;lJ. mtHfs; jdpikg;gLj; jg;gl;lNghJ glNtW Neha;fSf;F Mshfp ngUe;njhifahd RNjrpa gps;isfs; ,we;JNghdikia tu yhw;Wg; gjpTfs; vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfpd;wd.
sivapalu@thaiveedu.com
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