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jha;tPL • ngg;gputup
February 2017 cile;J NghFk; gdpg;ghiwfs;
xU rpd;dj; Jg;Gf; fpilj;jpUf;fpwJ ,jw;Fg; gpd;dhl vt;tsT tplaq;fs; kiwe;J ,Uf;fpwJ vd;gJ njupatpliy vd;gjw;F ‘upg; xt;j I];NgHf;’ (Tip of the iceberg) vd;W nghJthf xU rk;g tj;ijg;gw;wpf; Fwpg;gpLk;NghJ nrhl thHfs;. ,yf;fpaj;jpYk; Ernest hemi ngway vd;w vOj;jhsupd; Mf;fq;fisg; gw;wpr; nrhlYk; NghJ mtUila vOj;Jf;fs; ‘I];NgHf;’ Nghy vd;W Fwpg;gpLthHfs;. rpWfijapl xU rk; gtj;ijf; Fwpg;gpLk;NghJ mijg;gw; wpr; rpy nrhw;fNsh mlyJ tupfs;jhd; ,Uf;Fk;Mdhlmij tpupthf Muh ag;Nghdhl tpupe;J gue;J nrlYk;. rpy rpWfijfSf;Fupa jdpr; rpwg;G vd;W mij rpy tpkrfHfs; vLj;Jf; nfhs;thHfs;.
ehd; ,q;Nf Fwpg;gpl tUtJ jz;zP Uf;Fs; kiwe;jpUf;Fk; cz;ikahd gdpg;ghiwfs; gw;wpajhFk;. gdpg;gh iwfs; mlyJ gdpkiyfs; ,d;W gyupd; ftdj;ijAk; ftHe;jpUf;fpd; wd. fhuzk; JUtg;gFjpapl cs;s gj;jhapuk; tUlq;fSf;F Nkl goik tha;e;j ,e;jg; gdpg;ghiwfs; ,d;W fhyepiy khw;wq;fs; fhuzkhfcil aj; njhlq;fp ,Uf;fpd;wd. Gtp ntg; gj;jpd; mjPjjhf;fNk ,jw;Ff; fhuz nkd;W njupfpd;wJ. gdpf;fl;bia CL Utpr; nrlYk; uhlhH kw;Wk; NyrH fjpHfs;Mfpatw;wpd;%yk; Nkw;nfhs; sg;gl;l Nrhjidfspl ,Ue;J ngupa ntbg;Gf;fs; Vw;gl;bUg;gJ njupate; Js;sJ. mg;gb ,Jtiu cile;j gdpg; ghiwfs; fll ePupl jdpj;jdpNa kpjf;fpd;wd. ,j;jifa gdpg;ghiwf- spl RkhH gj;jpl xU gq;Fjhd; fll ePUf;F ntspNa njupfpd;wJ. kpFjpg; gFjp fll ePUf;Fs; kiwe;jpUf;fpd;wJ.
,jdhl mt;topahl gazpf;Fk; gy fg;glfs; gdpg; ghiwfspl Nkhjp> tpgj;jpl rpf;fpf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wd. GjpaMa;tpd;gb tUlh tUlk; gdpg; ghiwfspd; cUFepiy mjpfupg;gjh fj; njupfpd;wJ. ,g; gdpg;ghiwfs; nkly nkly cUfj; njhlq;Fk; NghJ fll ePHkl;lk; mjpfupg;gijj; jtpHf;fKbahkl Nghfyhk;. JUtg;g Fjpapl cs;s gdpg;ghiwfs; KOt Jk; cUFNkahdhl RkhH 230 mb cauj;jpw;Ff; fll kl;lk; mjpfupf;Fk; vd;Wk;> ,e;j epiy njhlUkhdhl fhyg;Nghf;fpl fll kl;lj;jpl ,Uf; Fk; rpwpajPTfs; xt;nthd;whff; fhzh kl Ngha;tpLtjw;F tha;g;Gz;L vd;W Ma;thsHfs; njuptpf;fpd;wdH.
1690 fspl ,g;gdpg; ghiwfis fll Fd;Wfs; vd;Wk;> 1774 fspl ,ijg; gdpkiyfs; vd;Wk; khYkpfs; Fwpg; gpl;ldH. nghJthf ,it 3 mb njhlf;fk; 250 mb cauk; tiu fll kl;lj;jpw;F Nkl njupaf;$bad. 550 mb caukhd gdpg;ghiw $l xd;W tlml;yhz;bf; flypl fhzg;gl;lJ. ];nfhl; Iyz;l; mUNf fhzg;gl;l gdpg;ghiw xd;W 12>000 rJuikl
gug;gsitf; nfhz;bUe;jJ. 1995l fdlh thd;ntspf;F mDg;gpa uhlrhw; (Radarsat-1) vd;w thdpiy Muha;r;rpf; fyk; gdpg;ghiwfs; gw;wpa jftlf isj; jw;NghJ nfhLj;Jf; nfhz;b Ug;gjhl gdpg;ghiwfspd; efHTfis ,yFtpl mwpe;J nfhs;s Kbfpd;wJ. ,jdhl mt;topahl gazpf;Fk; fg; glfspd; tpgj;Jf;fis XusT jtpHj; Jf;nfhs;s Kbfpd;wJ.
iuuhdpf; vd;w glk; ghHj;jtHfSf;F> me;j tpgj;jpw;Ff; fhuzkhd gdpg; ghiwgw;wpa epidTfs; ,Uf;fyhk;. vjw;FNk me;jf;fg;gl mirahJ vd;W
afk;’(NIC) vd;w epWtdk; gdpg;ghiw fs; gw;wpa jftlfisr; Nrfupj;J toq;Ffpd;wJ. nrd;w etk;gH khjk; 2016l Nkw;F md;lhHl;bfh gdpg;gL ifapl yhnrd;-rp (Larsen-C) gpsT xd;W mtjhdpf;fg;gl;lJ. RkhH 70 iklfs; ePskhfTk;> 300 mbfs; mf ykhdjhfTk; ,J fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. ,J cile;J jdpNa kpjf;Fkhdhl kpfg; ngupa gdpg;ghiwfspd; tupir aplKjl%d;wpl xd;whfTk; ,J ,lk; ngwyhk; vdTk; vjpHghHf;fg;gLfpd; wJ. cile;J jdpNa gpupAk; ,e;jj; Jz;L Nkw;F md;lhl;bf;fhg; gdpj; njhlH gLifapd; gj;jpl xU gFjpahf
- FU mutpe;jd; -
jhq;fpf; fg;glfspd; ePz;l gazj;ij ,jd; %yk; Fiwf;fyhk; vd;w fUj; Jk; cz;L.
,jdhljhd; If;fpa ehLfs; mit 1995k; Mz;L mwptpayhsHfspd; $l;l nkhd;iw Gtpntg;gkiljYf;fhd fhu zq;fis MuhAk; nghUl;L Vw;ghL nra;jpUe;jJ. tspkz;lyj;jpl fhgdP- nuhl;irl; Nghdwtw;wpd; mjpfupg;Ng Gtpapd; mjpfupj;j ntg;gj;jpw;F fhu zk; vdr; rpy mwptpayhsHfs; fUJ fpd;whHfs;. mNj Ntis Rw;Wr;R+ol
fg;gl fl;batHfshlcWjpmspf;fg; gl;lNghJk;> me;jf;fg;giyNa 1912k; Mz;L %o;fbj;jJ ,e;jg; gdpg;gh iwfs; jhd; vd;W nrhd;dhl ek;GtJ fbdkhfj;jhd; ,Uf;Fk;.Mdhl mJ jhd; cz;ikahFk;> md;W gdpg;gh iwfs; gw;wpa NghJkhd jftlfs; ,lyhjjhl me;j tpgj;J eilngw;wJ. md;W iuuhdpf; fg;gypl nrd;w 1517 gazpfs; nfhlyg;gl;l rk;gtj;ijj; njhlHe;J> 1914k; Mz;L gdpg;ghiw fspd; efHTfisf; fz;fhzpf;fr; rH tNjrf;FO xd;W mikf;fg;gl;lJ. epA+gTyhe;jpw;F mUNfjhd; 90 tPjkhd gdpg;ghiwfs; ,Ug;gjhl> mg;gFjp aplcs;s fg;gl Nghf;Ftuj;J ghij fis ,e;jf;FO fz;fhzpf;fj; njhlq; fpaJ.
,ijj;njhlHe;J 1995k; Mz;L Muk; gpf;fg;gl;l mnkupf;fhtpd; ‘Njrpagdp
,Uf;Fk; vdTk; ek;gg;gLfpd;wJ. ,Nj rkak; fpwPd;yhe;J gFjpapYk; gdp cUfj; njhlq;fp ,Ug;gJ> Gtp kz; lyj;jpw;F Vw;glg; NghFk; Mgj;jpw;F Kd;ndr;rupf;if jUtjhfTk; ,Uf; fpd;wJ.
JUtg;gFjpapl gdp cUFtjhl fg; gl Nghf;Ftuj;jpd; Neuj;ijf;Fiwg; gjw;F tha;g;Gz;L vd mj;Jiwapl cs;stHfs; fUJfpd;wdH. 2007k;Mz;L nrg;nuk;gH khjk; rpy,lq;fspl MHl; bf; gdpg;glyk; cUfpajhl tlNkw; Fg; ghij topahff; fg;glfs; nrl yf;$bajhf ,Ue;jJ. JUt tuyhw; wpl Kjd; Kiwahf ele;j xU epfo; thf ,ijf; fUJfpd;wdH. ,Nj Nghy 2008k;Mz;LMf];l; khjk; gdp cU fpajhl tlf;F> tlNkw;Ff; fll topg; ghijfs; topahfg; gazpf;ff; $ba jhf ,Ue;jJ. kpfg;ngupa vz;nza;
khriltijj; jLg;gjhYk;> kuq;fis moptpl ,Ue;J fhg;ghw;wpg; Gjpa kuq;fis eLtjhYk; Gtp kz;lyj;jpd; ntg;gj;ij XusT Fiwf;f KbAk; vd;Wk; rpy Ma;thsHfs; ek;Gfpd;whH fs;. ,aw;if moptpw;F ehNk topt Ff;ff; $lhJ vd;gjhl> ,e;j mopT epiyapl ,Ue;J ehq;fs; thOk; G+kpiaf; fhg;ghw;w Jupj fjpapl el tbf;iffis xUq;fpize;J Nkw; nfhs;tNj rpwe;jjhFk;.
crhj;Jiz: •
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceberg
•
http://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/ iceberg
kuruaravindan@thaiveedu.com
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