48 MARINE INGREDIENTS
105 100 95 90 85 80 75
OC
This helps to preserve the shape and integrity of Dunaliella salina cells, as well as protect proteins and other important molecules within them. Due to its extremophilic characteristics,
15.70% inhibition
Dunaliella salina has been extensively studied for its potential application in cosmetics as a potent antioxidant. Antioxidants play a crucial role in skincare by protecting the skin from oxidative stress, which can lead to premature ageing and damage caused by free radicals. The results have unequivocally confirmed
S1 Figure 2: Global oxidation graph. OC, Oxidation Control; S1, Sample No. analyzed
120 100 80 60 40 20 0
CCO
the remarkable antioxidant properties of these microalgae for the skin. Additionally, Dunaliella salina possesses exceptional hydrating and moisture-retaining abilities, making it highly beneficial for skin care. The active metabolites, such as glycerol, act as natural humectants, effectively preserving skin hydration and promoting a soft, supple appearance.
42.73% inhibition M12 Figure 3: Collagenase activity graph. CCO, Control Negative Inhibition; M2, Sample No. analyzed
200 150 100 50 0
Eco extraction method The cultivation of the Dunaliella salina extract begins in a closed photobioreactor, under controlled conditions of light, salinity, and temperature. They are then transferred to pools where they are distributed in thin layers to maximize the utilization of solar radiation. The change in colour from green to pink
occurs due to the specific combination of salinity, sunlight, and temperature. It is during this process that the microalgae acquire the metabolites responsible for their incredible properties. After the cultivation, the microalgae are harvested and dried before the extraction process. An eco-friendly extraction procedure is
38.34% hydration
employed, utilizing microwave radiation and internal-to-external heating. Microwave- assisted extraction (MAE) is a novel and environmentally friendly technique that has gained increasing attention due to its numerous advantages over conventional extraction methods. MAE offers shorter extraction times,
D0 D28
Figure 4: Graphical representation of the normalized skin hydration before (D0) and after 28 days (D28) of treatment. The mean and standard error of the mean (SEM) are shown. * Represents statistical significance with p-value <0.05
125 100 75 50
reduced energy consumption, higher yield of target compounds, and lower solvent usage. In this method, microwave energy is used to heat the sample and the extraction solvent. This rapid and uniform heating enables
14.79% gloss
the more efficient release of the desired compounds in a shorter time compared to conventional techniques. The enhanced mass and energy transfer during MAE significantly speeds up the extraction process. Moreover, one notable benefit of MAE is
D0 D28
Figure 5: Graphical representation of the normalized skin hydration before (D0) and after 28 days (D28) of treatment. The mean and standard error of the mean (SEM) are shown. * Represents statistical significance with p-value <0.05
PERSONAL CARE September 2023
the reduction of solvent consumption. Unlike conventional extraction methods that require a large amount of solvent, MAE achieves higher extraction efficiency with a smaller volume of solvent. This not only improves the extraction process but also contributes to waste reduction and minimizes the environmental impact. By combining controlled cultivation,
harvesting, drying, and the employment of microwave-assisted extraction, the microalgae can be efficiently processed to obtain their valuable metabolites in an environmentally sustainable manner.
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% Global Oxidation Activity
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