NATURALS
how much of the tincture will be used and how it will be used. For this reason, we suggest using it at
a concentration of 1%. The tincture can be incorporated into formulations such as emulsions, hydrogels, and water solutions. For homemade cosmetics, stability testing
should also be carried out in a domestic setting to make sure the final product will continue to perform as intended, remain unmodified, and be safe. Homemade stability tests often cannot be conducted under laboratory settings or with specialized equipment, but they nonetheless yield valuable information. Additionally needed is a paper outlining
the manufacturing processes for each batch. In the batch manufacturing report, the following information should be included: batch number, composition, size and weight, storage requirements, the batch’s master formula, start and end process dates, product expiration dates, and, if the batch is intended for sale, the manufacturer’s licence number.
Conclusion Consumers are becoming more and more interested in products that are less harmful to the environment. These days, cosmetics are more ‘green’. A cosmetic can be considered ‘green’ if its formulation contains active ingredients derived from plants, such as minerals and plants, rather than analogous active ingredients chemically reproduced in the laboratory. It is preferable if it is produced in an
environmentally sustainable manner, using processing methods that respect nature and plants in accordance with organic crops. Tincture of olive tree leaves is an easy and
environmentally-friendly method to obtain a promising extract.
Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Dinis Gonçalves, an organic farmer, for providing the ingredients used in this research. This work was supported by the project UIDP/ CVT/00772/2020, funded by the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT).
31
Products. Skin Aging Handbook. Norwich, NY, USA: Elsevier; 2009, p. 205–63.
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References 1. Lyman M. The Remarkable Life of the Skin - An intimate journey across our surface. 1st ed. Great Britain: Bantam Press; 2019
2. Kartono F, Maibach HI. Irritants in combination with a synergistic or additive effect on the skin response: an overview of tandem irritation studies. Contact Dermatitis. 2006; 54:303–12. https://doi. org/10.1111/j.0105-1873.2006.00792.x
3. Gonçalves S, Gaivão I. Natural Ingredients Common in the Trás-os-Montes Region (Portugal) for Use in the Cosmetic Industry: A Review about Chemical Composition and Antigenotoxic Properties. Molecules. 2021; 26:5255
https://doi.org/10.3390/ molecules26175255.
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5. Genders R. Natural Beauty - the practical guide to wild flower cosmetics. Köln: Helmut Lingen; 1987
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https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB12.163
7. Angerhofer CK, Maes D, Giacomoni PU. The Use of Natural Compounds and Botanicals in the Development of Anti-Aging Skin Care
8. Viola P, Viola M. Virgin olive oil as a fundamental nutritional component and skin protector. Clinics in Dermatology. 2009; 27:159–65.
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10. Green J. The Herbal Medicine-Maker’s Handbook. First Edition. USA: Crossing Press; 2000
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14. Gonçalves S, Gaivão I. Assessment of antigenotoxic properties in natural ingredients common in the Trás-os-Montes region: A PhD Project. ScienceOpen 2021.
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