28 ANTI-POLLUTION


Conclusion The natural extremolyte Ectoin shows skin barrier repair and comprehensive protection efficacy against multiple external stress factors initiating pigmentation and skin irritation as well as skin ageing. Ectoin effectively reduces pollution


induced POMC gene expression and is capable to protect skin and skin cells from the whole spectrum of air pollution including PAHs, heavy metals as well as PM of all particle sizes. The anti-pollution efficacy of Ectoin has also been demonstrated in vivo in human lungs for therapeutic and preventative applications. Ectoin additionally prevents blue light


induced pigmentation and oxidative stress and provides a natural option for whitening and lightening the skin in a long-term use. Furthermore, the active ingredient is supported by more than 19 years of published clinical data that prove its safety and efficacy for various applications including its therapeutic use in medical products. In conclusion, the natural extremolyte Ectoin


is a safe and effective active ingredient, very well suited for cosmetic formulations for all skin types, matching various consumer demands and market trends such as anti-pollution, blue light protection and whitening.


References 1. Vierkötter A, Schikowski T, Ranft U, Sugiri D, Matsui M, Krämer U, Krutmann J. (2010). Airborne particle exposure and extrinsic skin aging. Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 130(12), 2719-2726


2. Lentzen G, Schwarz T. (2006). Extremolytes: natural compounds from extremophiles for versatile applications. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 72(4), 623-634


3. Lippert K, Galinski EA. (1992). Enzyme stabilization be ectoinetype compatible solutes: protection against heating, freezing and drying. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 37(1), 61-65


4. Galinski EA. (1993). Compatible solutes of halophilic eubacteria: molecular principles, water-solute interaction, stress protection. Experientia. 49(6-7), 487-496


5. Unfried K, Krämer U, Sydlik U, Autengruber A, Bilstein A, Stolz S, Krutmann J. (2016). Reduction of neutrophilic lung inflammation by inhalation of the compatible solute ectoine: a randomized trial with elderly individuals. International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. 11, 2573


6. Grether-Beck S, Timmer A, Felsner I, Brenden H, Brammertz D, Krutmann J. (2005). Ultraviolet A-induced signaling involves a ceramide-mediated autocrine loop leading to ceramide de novo synthesis. Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 125(3), 545-553


7. Vejlsgaard GL, Ralfkiaer E, Avnstorp C, Czajkowski M, Marlin SD, Rothlein R. (1989). Kinetics and characterization of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression on keratinocytes in various infl ammatory


PERSONAL CARE November 2022


TABLE 1: DEPIGMENTING EFFECT AND SKIN LIGHTENING Parameter


Skin lightness Skin pigment +2% -25%


TABLE 2: REDUCTION OF DIFFERENT PIGMENTATION Parameter


Variation between spot and normal skin


skin lesions and malignant cutaneous lymphomas. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 20(5), 782-790


8. Patrizi A, Raone B, Neri I. (2009). Atopiclair. Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy. 10(7), 1223-1230


PC


9. Veraldi S, De PM, Schianchi R, Lunardon L. (2009). Treatment of pruritus in mild-to- moderate atopic dermatitis with a topical nonsteroidal agent. Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, 8(6), 537-539


10. Boguniewicz M, Zeichner JA, Eichenfield LF, Hebert AA, Jarratt M, Lucky AW, Paller A. (2008). MAS063DP (AtopiclairTM) is in infants and children: a multicenter, randomized, vehicle- controlled study.° J. Pediatr. °152: 854–859


11. Abramovits W, Boguniewicz M. (2006). A multicenter, randomized, vehicle-controlled clinical study to examine the efficacy and safety of MAS063DP (Atopiclair) in the management of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in adults. Journal of Drugs in Dermatology. 5(3), 236-244


12. Patrizi A, Capitanio B, Neri I, Giacomini F, Sinagra JL, Raone B, Berardesca E. (2008). A double-blind, randomized, vehicle-controlled clinical study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of MAS063DP (ATOPICLAIRTM) in the management of atopic dermatitis in paediatric patients. Pediatric allergy and immunology. 19(7), 619-625


13. Marini A, Reinelt K, Krutmann J, Bilstein A. (2014). Ectoine containing cream in the treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis: a randomised, comparator- controlled, intra-individual double-blind, multi-center trial. Skin pharmacology and physiology. 27(2), 57-65


14. Del Rosso JQ, Levin J. (2011). The clinical relevance of maintaining the functional integrity of the stratum corneum in both healthy and disease-affected skin. Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology. 4(9), 22


15. Costa C, Catania S, De Pasquale R, Stancanelli R, Scribano GM, Melchini A. (2010). Exposure of human skin to benzo (a) pyrene: role of CYP1A1 and aryl hydrocarbon receptor in oxidative stress


-11%


Change in % after 56 days Change in % after 84 days +3% -28%


Change in % after 56 days Change in % after 84 days -22% generation. Toxicology. 271(3), 83-86


16. Krutmann J, Liu W, Li L, Pan X, Crawford M, Sore G, Seite S. (2014). Pollution and skin: From epidemiological and mechanistic studies to clinical implications. Journal of Dermatological Science. 76(3), 163-168


17. Hüls A, Vierkötter A, Gao W, Krämer U, Yang Y, Ding A, Jin L. (2016). Traffic-Related Air Pollution Contributes to Development of Facial Lentigines: Further Epidemiological Evidence from Caucasians and Asians. The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 136(5), 1053


18. WHO working group (2003). Health aspects of Air pollution with Particulate matter, Ozone and nitrogen dioxide. Bonn, Germany: Regional Office for Europe


19. IUF – Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (2018) Unpublished study. Düsseldorf, Germany


20.Godley BF, Shamsi FA, Liang FQ, Jarrett SG, Davies S, Boulton M. (2005). Blue light induces mitochondrial DNA damage and free radical production in epithelial cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 280(22), 21061-21066


21. Botta C, Di Giorgio C, Sabatier AS, De Méo M. (2008). Genotoxicity of visible light (400–800 nm) and photoprotection assessment of ectoin, L-ergothioneine and mannitol and four sunscreens. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology. 91(1), 24-34


22. Pathak MA, Riley FC, Fitzpatrick TB. (1962). Melanogenesis in human skin following exposure to long-wave ultraviolet and visible light. Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 39(5), 435-443


23. Kollias N, Baqer A. (1984). An experimental study of the changes in pigmentation in human skin in vivo with visible and near infrared light. Photochemistry and photobiology.39(5), 651-659


24. Grand View Research. Skin Lightening Products Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report By Product (Creams, Cleanser, Mask), By Nature, By Region, And Segment Forecasts, 2022 – 2030. https://www.grandviewresearch.com/ industry-analysis/skin-lightening-products- market


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