14 ANTI-AGEING
production of basement membrane components, i.e., laminin 332 and collagens type IV and VII in keratinocytes and fibroblasts, respectively. Unfortunately, endogenous Q10 levels decline with age. Supplemented Q10 can be an optimal
anti-ageing treatment, however in order to exploit its full potential, Q10 needs to be localised at specific cell sites. In fact, Q10 can display its anti-oxidant function everywhere in the skin, both extra and intracellularly. Conversely, in order to promote fibroblasts proliferation and boost ECM protein synthesis, Q10 needs to effectively reach the keratinocytes/fibroblasts. Furthermore, in order to show an energising effect on cells, i.e. mitochondria, and protect them from mROS, Q10 needs to reach the mitochondria. The last is the most important and challenging activity. It is evident that in order to exploit the full
potential of Q10, we need not only to optimise the amount of Q10 arriving intact to fibroblasts but also to their mitochondria. Free coenzyme Q10 is consumed outside and inside the cells by ROS showing preferentially an antioxidant activity. A low amount of supplemented Q10 reaches the mitochondria and participates to key age- related processes. Q10 encapsulation can represent a good solution to overcome some of the aforementioned critical steps in Q10 delivery to mitochondria. However, most of the available encapsulation technologies can only improve Q10 penetration in skin and partially protect Q10 from premature involvement in redox reactions, but they cannot grant its efficient delivery to fibroblasts mitochondria. In order to achieve the last, we need to use targeted Q10 (Figure 2). At Infinitec, we have recently developed
a cutting-edge technology, named Trojan Technology. Trojan technology is able to surgically and effectively deliver Q10 to fibroblast mitochondria. In fact, Trojan Technology displays a dual-mode, extremely precise targeting ability: first targets fibroblasts, and once internalised
Figure 2: Free CoQ10 vs Targeted Q10.
Figure 3: Particle structure.
into their cytosol, it targets mitochondria. Q10 is then released at mitochondrial level.
Trojan Q10 Trojan Q10 is based on PLGA (poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid)) particles, which surface has been decorated with two peptides for dual-mode cellular targeting, whereas its core has been loaded with Q10. These particles, shown in Figure 3, have a particle
size of around 300 nanometres and they have a positive surface charge. One of the two peptides conjugated on Trojan Q10 surface, Pentapeptide-4 is a cell- penetrating peptide, specific for fibroblasts. This peptide is recognised by fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) and promotes Trojan Q10 internalisation by receptor-mediated endocytosis. When Trojan Q10 is up-taken by fibroblasts, it is
Figure 4: Fast and effective penetration. PERSONAL CARE EUROPE September 2020
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