Trans RINA, Vol 156, Part C1, Intl J Marine Design, Jan -Dec2014
The vision is to build on the “Generic Ship Model” and enable the visualisation of real-time design changes, with regard to the overall performance and feel of the ship. A first step in this direction has been made at AHO, with the development of the “simulated scenarios” facilitation method, which uses game engines as a real-time, interactive, realistic display to support the discussion between different
specialists [2]. The user
the sub-problem do not necessarily need to be fixed with a technological solution, and the identified problem may not be purely technical, but
communication problem, as evoked in Section 2.2, and with initial proposals in Sections 4.1 and 4.2.
basically
constructs “a scene” with the elements required to fuel a discussion between experts, and then folds this scene out into different scenarios that can be reconfigured very quickly, or instantly, by, for example, just changing the position of the virtual camera. For example a simulated scenario was the event of a collision in the fjord of Oslo, and the different participants played out the characters of a helicopter pilot going to the rescue, the captains of the colliding ships and even a passenger of the sinking cruise ship, who had to swim to reach a life-raft. See Figures 5 and 6. This enabled the Norwegian Coastal Authorities to test and review their contingency and Search and Rescue plans, and to identify a number of problems, as well as design on the spot procedures to mitigate these problems.
In this case, the ship itself is not modified, but rather its mission, so that the ship and its entire “environment” (crew, passengers, coastal authorities, other ships in the traffic lane) can be tested. The next step will be to create an immersive environment, the “Design simulator”, for the ship designer and all the experts from the different disciplines to facilitate a discussion on design issues that require their
interaction, and speed-up the decision-
making. 5.
DISCUSSION
There are three main areas for further research, outlined below.
5.1 DESIGNING FOR EXISTING PROCESSES AND TOOLS
Although interactive and immersion technologies are becoming affordable and ubiquitous, development of new tools takes time and is costly. Analysis of existing processes and the current use of existing tools using a service design perspective can lead to the development of new methods or processes with low-technology, by focusing on facilitating a smoother interaction between the various actors involved in the different steps of the design process. Identification of “areas of intervention” can be achieved with another design methodology that has been developed at AHO, called “Systems Oriented Design” [3] where the goal is 1. To describe an existing situation in its full complexity (how is a specific type of ship designed?) 2. To zoom into the areas where little is known, or where most problems are identified 3. To isolate this area, or areas, and redefine a bounded, sub- problem. In a way, this is similar to a system engineering approach, with the difference being that the solutions to
5.2 DESIGNING FOR FUTURE PROCESSES AND TOOLS
At the same time, we believe it is extremely important to keep up with technological developments, in order to fuel the creation of new ideas. Relevant technologies include:
Cloud or Sky computing, enabling access to large sets of data and performing computation tasks from any location[31].
Advanced simulation with multi-physics simulation, blending structural, hydrodynamic, thermodynamic and even economic/financial analysis. For example, DNV GL has developed a machinery simulator that can simulate the operation (including CAPEX and OPEX for different maintenance strategies) of most common systems on board a ship (Engine, Turbocharger, all types of pumps and compressors) in real-time[32].
Real-time, realistic visualisation, with game engines to be soon incorporated into CASD systems to mimic the workflow of movies:
design, rendering,
video games or digital testing, redesign (and
prototyping with 3D printers) are conducted in the same interface, with no time interruption and full control over the level of details of the designed object [33].
Multi modular interfaces, which mix gesture and vocal control with haptic feedback, and can all be connected to the cloud, to fully engage the designer in its environment: Oculus rift, Microsoft Kinect, Leap and many more.
5.3 ENABLING A SERVICE DESIGN PERSPECTIVE
What can this new perspective enable, and how do we get there? We must repeat that technology alone will not change anything if it is not developed for specific uses, with a high degree of usability. Technology uptake is particularly slow in the maritime business for many reasons [26], one being the lack of concrete, tailor-made, cost-effective applications of new technology, which occurs when user needs are not properly understood. What we seek are technology-enhanced processes, which put the user
in the centre of the process, and use
technology to assist the user in communicating needs, as schematically shown in Figure 7.
Such “design-driven innovation” is now financially supported in Norway (jointly by the Norwegian Research and Design councils), and we believe it can enable the service design perspective of ship design outlined in this
rather a management or
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©2014: The Royal Institution of Naval Architects
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