Trans RINA, Vol 156, Part C1, Intl J Marine Design, Jan -Dec2014
Figure 3: mock-up of a strategy board game on a white board with the goal of exploring fundamental questions early in the design process: where are we now, who is involved, how can we work together, what happens next and how does this link to the other steps?
board, which is a common feature in most meeting rooms where such decisions are usually made (touch-point). It could also be used on a table, like a traditional board game played among friends. This tool has the advantage of being very easy to use (no technology required), it is portable, modular and interactive, and it is easily integrated with the spread sheets commonly used by ship designers in early assessments of the merits (for instance cost-benefit) of different design decisions
4.2
DESIGNING FOR TOUCH-POINTS: GENERAL ARRANGEMENT DRAWING
As explained in section 2.1.b, touch-points are where actors meet (physically or not) to make decisions. Future research will assess which touch-points are most common in design processes, and how to design for these, so that they can facilitate decision-making. During the interviews carried out for this preliminary research, one interviewee remarked that “when talking about design, at some point a ship drawing has to be put on the table to have a constructive discussion” [22]. Therefore, one proposition we are making is to use a General Arrangement (GA) drawing as a touch-point, because, by nature, a GA drawing reflects the general arrangement of a ship,
which “significantly impacts overall
characteristics”, but “research into and use of modern computer methods in developing and exploring general arrangements in preliminary ship design has lagged behind other fields such as hydrodynamics“[23]. In this sense, a GA drawing is a “map of a territory”, displaying fundamental information on the basic elements of the ship (hull shape, machinery and steering, bridge systems, cargo holds layout) that experts from different disciplines can use to explain their respective roles, and assess how they can interact together; this is why the proposed strategy board game
in Figure 3 resembles a GA
drawing. In addition, a GA drawing provides traceability information: the date of the drawing, its author, who approved it and when. Finally, it is again a low-tech solution (2D paper drawing) very commonly used by designers, and all the other actors throughout the entire life of the ship. One could think of using a GA drawing as a template for communicating the advancement of the design, by superimposing the different iterations of the design on top of each other, with the ability to go back and forth in time, so that the full design process can be documented (e.g. in a time-lapse fashion), and design variations can be ordered in “branches” when it comes to making a decision to depart from a standard design to use a more customised design, which is a highly strategic question both for the future owner of the ship and the
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©2014: The Royal Institution of Naval Architects
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