Trans RINA, Vol 156, Part C1, Intl J Marine Design, Jan –Dec 2014
likely to be retrofitted at some point; it is helpful if it is designed with this in mind”
Another prominent finding was that the students who visited ships for less than a week did not reveal theoretical or practical aspects of HF/HCD during their stay.
4.1(b) Students’ current awareness on issues faced by the maritime industry
Out of 35 students 77% responded to this question and 48% of respondents emphasized HF as one of the major issues within the maritime industry and they believed it needs the proper attention. The following statements from students is a typical example, “Design issues; Engineers should have understanding
of
4.1(c) Students’ view on significance of including HF into ship design
The illustration in Figure 4 confirms that the majority of students believe in significance of HF in ship design and the influence of NAs decisions to improve the overall safety of the
disagreement for the statement 2 confirms that they do not believe on the significance of HF knowledge to be required for NAs to develop improved ship designs.
practical
building and operational processes” and “Safety of ships and human factor issues, work space issues”
However, none of the students were aware of HF rules or guidelines though 77% of them were familiar with marine regulations and classification societies. It was encouraging to see that the majority, 72% of the students stated that safety of the ship needs the highest priority during design. Secondly, most of the students mentioned that
design should be economical and next
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
66% Statement 1 12 Statement 2
ship. However, 3% of the students’
28%
31%
34%
31%
6% 0% 0% 0%
3%
0%
0%
they
prioritised workable, comfortable, maintainable and accessible designs in order. Also they had given the lowest priority for the environmental friendly designs.
As seen in the Figure 3, it was evident that the majority of students were able identify “human error” as a major contributing factor to most of the accidents in maritime industry. According to the answers given for the statement 2, 3% of the students’ did not consider ship as a home for those who work onboard.
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
Statement 1
12 53%
41% 31% 34% 28% Statement 2
Statement 1: Design decisions can influence the final product further down the line.
Statement 2: Proper understanding of human factors by a Naval Architect can design the hazards out
Figure 4: Students’ view on significance of including HF into ship design
4.1(d) Approaches suggested by the students to address HF issues onboard ships
25% of students emphasized that the NAs are responsible to design the problems out in the initial design stage. 8% of them suggested shield against the problem, whereas 17% of them were suggested to warn the operator. 50% of them were suggested to train the operator in order to avoid the problem (see Figure 5).
9% 0% 0% 0% 3% 0% 0% Train the
operator to avoid the problem 50%
Statement 1: Human errors contribute to most marine casualties and accidents
Statement 2: A ship is not only a place of work, but it is also a ‘home’ to those who work on board
Figure 3: Students’ current maritime industry
C-156 awareness on HF and Figure 5: Students' approach to address HF issues ©2014: The Royal Institution of Naval Architects
Warn of the problem 17%
Design the
problem out 25%
Shield against the problem 8%
Strongly Agree Agree
Somewhat Agree
Somewhat Disagree Disagree
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree Agree
Somewhat Agree
Somewhat Disagree Disagree
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree Agree
Somewhat Agree
Somewhat Disagree Disagree
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree Agree
Somewhat Agree
Somewhat Disagree Disagree
Strongly Disagree
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