Index Page numbers set in italic indicate photos, pictures, etc. A


abrasion


ice movement 159 river erosion 126 sea erosion 141, 143, 144


acid rain 61–2, 62 damage to environment 62


Adamstown – case study 313–15 adult literacy rate 382 aerial photographs colour and shape 272 economic activity on 276 identifying time of year 273 and OS maps 281 recreation and tourism on 281 rural settlement and land use 273–4 sketching 270 traffic problems/solutions 277–8 types 368


urban settlements 274–5 agribusiness 347 Agriculture, Department of 352 aid 394–9


sources and types of 395 untied aid 395, 396


alluvium 130, 132 Alpine period 30 Alps – case studies 32–3, 32, 366–8 Alpine tourism and the physical landscape 368


economic and social impacts 33 sustainable tourism 378 and transport 367 travelling to 367


altitude and local climate 209 anemometer 183 anticline 30 aquaculture 342 arête 159


Armorican period 30 artificial fertilisers 351, 352 aspect and local climate 210 atlases 71


atmospheric pressure 176, 177 attrition (erosion) 126, 141 Aviva Stadium 104, 287 Avoca Mines 49


B backwash 145


Banagher Precast Concrete – case study 360–2


bar charts 289 barograph 176 barometer 177 basalt 39 bays 142 beach 146 Beaufort Scale 184


422


bedrock 228 Ben and Jerry’s Fairtrade ice cream – case study 386 bilateral aid 395, 396 biological weathering 113 blanket bogs 59 blowhole 144 BNRG Renewables 64 bog burst 119 bogland 231 Bord na Móna 59, 60 boreal climate 204 brown soil 230 Bundoran 286 Burren maps 109, 111 and tourism 113–14


C


Caledonian period 30 Campbell Stokes recorder 187 carbon dioxide 218 carbonation 108 Carrick-on-Shannon 276 Carrigtwohill mines – case study 46 cartography/cartographer 69 Castletownbere – case study 326–7, 326 Central Plains (NZ) irrigation scheme – case study 334–6 chemical weathering 108 Chile earthquake (2010) – case study 25–6 cirque 159, 161 cirrus clouds 181 Cliffs of Moher 371 climate 173, 200 climate change 212 Sun’s intensity 215 climate graphs 180


climates 157 cold 203 hot 202 temperate 203 types 201–4


clints 110 clouds 181–2 cloud cover, measurement 182


Coillte 347–8 colonialism 249 compressed air erosion 141 confluence (river) 124 continental crust 3 continental drift 2 convection currents 3–4, 4 corporate tax 358


Corrib Gas Field – case study 57–8, 58 corrie see cirque Coumshingaun Lough 162


course (of river) 125 Croagh Patrick 42 crop rotation 352 crude oil 54 cumulus clouds 181 curved line distances 73 cyclones see hurricanes


D


delta (river) 134 Demographic Transition Model 243, 403


demography 241 denudation 106 deposition 132


Derrybrien bog burst – case study 119 desertification 220, 222


developed and developing countries 402–3


development and life chances 404–11


Dingle 275 discrimination 264 distributaries (river) 134 Dooagh Beach (Achill) 154 drilling 44 drumlin 164, 165 Dublin


Dublin City, importance of 298–9 farming 323


inner city urban decay 1960–90 – case study 309–10 population change 302, 303–4 urban change 301–2 urban sprawl 306–8, 313


Dublin/rural population study 304–5 Dublin–Wicklow fold mountains 31


E


earth, the earth’s core 4 earth’s crust 3 earth’s mantle 3 earth’s orbit, and climate change 215


earth’s plates 3–6 earthquakes 18, 19, 22–7 earthquake-safe buildings 27 predicting/planning for 27 economic development developed vs. developing econo- mies 381


economic divide 380 indicators of 382–3 adult literacy rate 382, 389 average life expectancy 382, 389


education rate 382, 389 employment 382, 383–4,389 gross domestic product (GDP) 382, 389


slowly developing and quickly developing countries 390 unequal, causes of 384


economic migrants 388 education, barriers to 406 employment 382 Energy and Natural Resource, Depart- ment of 58 energy resources 52 renewable/non-renewal 53 Enterprise Ireland 358 epicentre 19 erosion 106 attrition 126, 141 compressed air erosion 141 freeze-thaw action 106 hydraulic action 126, 141 ice 158


river erosion 126, 129 sea erosion 141–4 solution 126, 127, 141 waves and 141


erratic (boulder deposit) 164, 166 esker 164, 167 estuary 124 European Union 416


Eyjafjallajökull volcano – case study 13–16, 13


F


farming 322 in Ireland 350


fertilisation 351 overfertilisation 351


finished products 355 fish


fish farming 342 stocks, sustainable exploitation 341


fishing 325 overfishing 339–40


flood plain 124, 130 fold mountains, formation 29, 29, 30–1


footloose industry 359 Forbes, Patrick 250 forced migration, Syria – case study 257–8 forestry 322, 324, 345–9 sustainable exploitation 345 threats to


agribusiness 347 fires 348


illegal deforestation 346 former/historic settlement 93 freeze-thaw action 106


G


gabions 150 Game of Thrones 372 geothermal energy 16, 66–7


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