In pairs, match up the pieces of equipment with the photos, and then discuss what you think each piece of equipment might be used for. Share your answers with the class.
Steel rock hammer and bucket of water
Gas mask
Volcanologists work hard to monitor and predict volcanic eruptions. In your opinion, how does their work benefit people living near volcanoes?
2.2 Volcanic Mountains
As the plates of the earth’s crust separate or collide, magma can make its way to the surface. When it reaches the surface, it cools and hardens. It is then called lava.
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When plates separate under the ocean, lava can pour out along cracks on the earth’s surface, forming a ridge. This lava can build up and become what is called a mid- ocean ridge.
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Lava can also force its way violently through a small hole known as a vent. When this happens, a volcanic mountain is formed.
