40 SUN CARE
*** p<0.01 sunscreen vs placebo Placebo ■ Sunscreen ■
6 5 4 3 2 1
0 0 MED 5 Day
Figure 3: Graph shows the depletion of Langerhans cells at the baseline and the impact of the placebo and SPF 7.5 formulations on this depletion at days 5, 11 and 12
Various types of immune cells are found in skin, e.g. the Langerhans cells in the epidermis. These mononuclear phagocytes play a crucial role in presenting antigens to T cells within the epidermis, initiating localized immune responses. They have the ability to migrate to
lymph nodes and trigger broader immune reactions. Langerhans cells can be viewed as key regulators of skin immunity, recognizing pathogens and priming the skin for highly specific immune responses. This process can take days to weeks and
elicits a long-lasting memory effect. However, Langerhans cells are highly sensitive to UV radiation and stress, and their numbers decrease as we age, potentially impacting the immunity of the skin barrier.24 As part of our clinical study,8
UV filters have the potential to address
various skincare concerns that are important to consumers, such as diminishing the appearance of lines, wrinkles, and dark spots, as well as mitigating blue light-induced pigmentation. Furthermore, they contribute to supporting skin barrier immunity and providing protection against skin cancer. This realization presents an exciting opportunity for our industry. By incorporating UV filters into everyday consumer products, we can deliver multiple benefits to consumers while meeting their demand for user-friendly protection against UV radiation.
in addition to
discovering the depletion of Langerhans cells due to low doses of UV radiation, Young et al. also assessed the effects of sunscreen on these cells, comparing it to a placebo. The study design has been previously described, but for this specific investigation, punch biopsies were taken on days 5, 11, and 12 (24 hours after exposure to 0.6 MED Solar Simulated Radiation). The skin sections obtained were then stained with CD1a antibodies to quantify the Langerhans cells. The findings are graphically presented in Figure 3. As depicted in the graph, the time-
dependent depletion of Langerhans cells was almost entirely prevented by the application of sunscreen with an SPF of 7.5. While the use of UV filters could not entirely eliminate all damage, it significantly provided protection, thereby supporting the immune function of the skin.
Conclusion The evidence presented in these studies highlights the versatility of UV filters, showcasing their ability to offer a wide range of benefits beyond their primary function of safeguarding the skin against sunburn.
PERSONAL CARE October 2023
References 1. Juzeniene A et al. Beneficial effects of UV radiation other than via vitamin D production. Dermatoendocrinol. 2012 Apr 1;4(2):109-17
2. Flament F et al. Effect of the sun on visible clinical signs of ageing in Caucasian skin. Clin, Cosmet. Investig. Dermatol. 2013 Sep 27;6:221-32
3. Shin JW. Molecular mechanisms of dermal ageing and antiageing approaches. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(9), 2126
4. The Benchmarking Company. Beauty By the Number, Here Comes the Sun Survey 2021.
5. DSM. Sun Survey 2018 6. Mintel. Attitudes Towards Anti-Ageing Products – China – June 2019
7. DSM. Consumer Survey 2020. 8. Young A et al. The Detrimental Effects of Daily Sub-Erythemal Exposure on Human Skin In Vivo Can Be Prevented by a Daily- Care Broad-Spectrum Sunscreen. Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 2007; 127, 975–978
9. Hughes MCB et al. Sunscreen and Prevention of Skin aging: A randomized trial. Ann. Intern. Med. 2013;158:781-790
10. Fatima S et al. The role of sunscreen in melasma and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Indian J. Dermatol. 2020. 65(1):5-10
11. DSM. Consumer survey 2021
12. Halder R et al. Evaluation and effectiveness of a photoprotection composition (sunscreen) on subjects of skin of color. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 2015; 72: AB215
13. Lakhdar H et al. Evaluation of the effectiveness of a broad-spectrum sunscreen in the prevention of chloasma in pregnant women. J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 2007; 21:738–42
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14. Castanedo-Cazares JP et al. Near- visible light and UV photoprotection in the treatment of melasma: A double- blind randomized trial. Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed. 2014; 30 :35–42
15. Wanitphakdeedecha R et al. The use of sunscreen starting on the first day after ablative fractional skin resurfacing. J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 2014; 28 :1522–8
16. Guevara IL et al. Safety and efficacy of 4% hydroquinone combined with 10% glycolic acid, antioxidants, and sunscreen in the treatment of melasma. Int. J. Dermatol. 2003; 42 :966–72
17. Moyano DB. et al. Blue-Light Levels Emitted from Portable Electronic Devices Compared to Sunlight. Energies. 2020, 13, 4276
18. Mahmoud BH et al. Impact of Long- Wavelength UVA and Visible Light on Melanocompetent Skin. J. Invest. Dermatol. 2010; 30(8):2092–2097
19. Mendrok-Edinger C et al. Into the blue. Cosmetics & Toiletries. 2018; 133(1), 13-29
20. Campiche R et al. Pigmentation effects of blue light irradiation on skin and how to protect against them. Int. J. Cosmet. Sci. 2020; Jun;42(4):399-406
21. Schütz R et al. Blue Light Induced Hyperpigmentation in Skin and How to Prevent it. SOFW Journal 2019; 7/8, 12-17
22. Sung H et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: CA Cancer J. Clin. 2021; 0:1-41
23. Melnikova VO et al. Cellular and molecular events leading to the development of skin cancer. Mutat. Res. 2005 Apr 1;571(1-2):91-106
24. Chambers ES et al. Skin barrier immunity and ageing. Immunology. 2019; 160 (2), 116-125
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