SUN CARE Additionally, blue light has been found to


stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), proinflammatory cytokines like interleukin 6, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which contribute to collagen breakdown.19, 20, 21 In our own clinical studies, our scientists


discovered that a sunscreen formulation with SPF 30, containing the broad-spectrum filters titanium dioxide (3%) and methylene bis-benzotriazolyl tetramethylbutylphenol (MBBT; 4%), effectively protected against the detrimental effects of blue-light exposure in vivo.21


Application of this formulation


demonstrated a visible reduction of approximately 30% in the immediate increase of skin pigmentation induced by single high- dose or repetitive moderate exposure to blue light.


These findings are clinically significant as the doses of blue light applied in the studies reflect the typical level of sun exposure experienced during European summertime. Thus, they can provide support to sunscreen manufacturers seeking to offer substantiated claims of protection against blue light-induced skin damage and uneven skin tone.


Benefit 4: UV filters can help reduce the risk of skin cancer Every year, approximately 1.5 million new cases of skin cancer are reported worldwide.22 Consumer awareness regarding the causes of skin cancer, particularly UV exposure, continues to rise. Therefore, the prevention of skin cancer consequences remains a significant motivation for using sunscreen.7 The process of carcinogenesis begins in the


skin when DNA is damagedby UV radiation.23 Among solar radiation that reaches the Earth’s surface, UVB radiation (290–320 nm) is the most energetic, mutagenic and carcinogenic part.


When UVB energy is absorbed by DNA,


it can directly result in the formation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs), e.g., thymine dimers from two adjacent thymine


VEHICLE CONTROL SUNSCREEN


39


Figure 2: Image of thymine dimers (TT) on day 12 from one study volunteer, 24 hours after final irradiation, showing vehicle control and sunscreen treated skin


nucleobases (TT). These dimers serve as important markers of DNA damage, and if left unrepaired, can lead to the initiation of DNA mutations and the development of skin cancer. In our 2007 study,8


which was previously


discussed in relation to sub-erythemal UV radiation and photoaging, our scientists also examined the impact of repeated sub- erythemal UV radiation on DNA. Figure 2 presents immunohistochemical images of one subject, illustrating the extent of DNA damage at thymine dimers through brown staining after 11 days of consecutive daily irradiation. The left image corresponds to the site


where a control formulation lacking UV filters was applied, while the right image represents the site treated with a sunscreen featuring an SPF of 7.5. The darker staining of thymine dimers indicates a higher level of DNA damage. The study and accompanying images


presented offer compelling evidence regarding the detrimental impact of repeated sub- erythemal UV radiation on DNA. It signifies that the cumulative effect of subsequent sub-erythemal doses can already lead to DNA damages even though sunburn is still not noticeable on skin as a visible sign of irritation. Additionally, the results vividly illustrate the


significant level of protection that sunscreen application can provide against further DNA damage. These findings strongly suggest that the use of UV filters in sunscreens may not only be effective in preventing skin ageing but also in reducing the risk of developing skin cancer.


Benefit 5: UV filters can support the immune function In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, bolstering immune support has become a top priority for many individuals worldwide.


www.personalcaremagazine.com


October 2023 PERSONAL CARE


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