SUN CARE 31
SPF booster developed from NASA research
Kyle S. Landry, Julia Gropman, Elizabeth Young, Timothy S. Avery – Delavie Sciences
Skin cancer is the most diagnosed cancer in the world and the incidence continues to increase year-over-year.1
Sun exposure is
generally highest for individuals under 21 years of age, with 25-50% of a person’s ultraviolet (UV) exposure occurring during childhood. It is estimated that children receive three times the amount of annual UV exposure than adults.2 Though the incidence of melanoma in
childhood is rare, extended UV exposure during adolescence can lead to undesirable consequences later in life.3
Therefore, it is
imperative that sunscreen be used to minimize the acute and long-term effects of chronic UV exposure. Sun exposure is necessary for the internal
synthesis of vitamin D; however, long-term non-shielded exposure can lead to premature ageing, hyperpigmentation, accelerated wrinkle formation, chronic lesions, and melanoma.4-7 There are three types of UV radiation experienced on Earth: UVC, UVB, and UVA. UVC radiation has a wavelength range
between 100- 280nm and is considered shortwave UV radiation. This form of UV radiation is fully dispersed by the Earth’s ozone layer and does not make it down to the surface. It should be noted that this form of UV radiation is generated by germicidal lamps for surface and object decontamination.8 Unlike UVC, both UVA and UVB wavelengths pass though the ozone layer and contact our skin. The medium wavelengths (280-320nm) of UVB penetrate the epidermis of the skin and results in a series of adverse effects such as DNA damage, erythema, hypersensitization, sun burn, and increasing the risk of skin cancer.9-11 The long wavelengths (320-400nm) of
UVA radiation penetrate much deeper than UVB. These wavelengths penetrate both the epidermis and dermis layers and are linked to accelerated skin ageing.12;13
These wavelengths
generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the skin layers which leads to accelerated wrinkle development and skin sagging.14,15 One such mechanism is the by
simultaneously cross-linking dermal collagen and inhibiting the synthesis of procollagen-1 by up-regulating metalloproteases (MMP) 1, 3, and 9.14 These proteases break down and suppress procollagen-1 leading to deleterious effects on skin elasticity and firmness.14;16
High exposure
to UVA has also been shown to promote skin cancer (Figure 1).17 Briefly, UVA exposure activates mitogen-
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activated protein kinases (MAPK), which leads to the activation of the MMP promoter, nuclear transcription factor AP-1. This upregulates the express of MMP 1, 3, and 9 which in turn breakdown and inhabits collagen production within the skin matrix.
A novel SPF booster: Bacillus Lysate Various UV filters and sunscreen formulations have been developed to help shield our skin from harmful UV ray exposure. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) first began regulating UV filter regulations in 1978, with the adoption of the Advanced Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, which approved the use of 21 UV filters for use in the United States.18 More recently, in February, the FDA
recognized 22 UV filters as either Generally Recognized As Safe and Effective (GRASE, Category 1), Non-GRASE (Category 2), or needs further evaluation (Category 3).19 Furthermore, an additional 20 filters were listed as Category 3 compounds and need to be submitted as a New Drug Application (NDA) process.18;19 Unlike in Europe, UV filters are classified as drugs in the United States and therefore must undergo the same scrutiny as traditional drug therapies. Unfortunately, this has limited the amount of research and development for new UV filters for use in the United States since the time and cost for developing new drugs is substantial and highly regulated. The
ABSTRACT
Delavie Sciences began researching the effects of space travel on the human body with NASA JPL (Jet Propulsion Laboratory). The goal was to reduce their harming effects such as ageing. Organisms were researched abord the International Space Station for 18 months, and one microorganism stood out for its ability to withstand the harsh environment of outer space. With expertise in extremophiles, Delavie Sciences performed years of research and development to characterize the organism and create a product. The product, known as Bacillus Lysate, has the ability to block/absorb UV radiation. It also significantly reduces UVA-induced ROS levels, activates DNA repair enzymes, reverses advanced- glycation end products (AGE) and stimulates hyaluronic acid production. Exposure to extreme environments can push organisms to their limits and result in impressive outcomes.
‘race-to-the-bottom’ price point for consumer care products, at both the supply side and consumer side, does not support the need for further innovation. As a result, the industry has turned to UV
filter boosters to enhance the sun protection factor (SPF) and differentiate their products
October 2023 PERSONAL CARE
Credit: Nasa
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