70 MARINE INGREDIENTS
Omega-3 Studies show how certain algae help mitigate common skin conditions linked to chronically inflamed skin. Bicoalgae ω3 is a natural origin omega-3 delivery system with targeted delivery of two microalgae extracts rich in omega-3 fatty acids. N. gaditana is a rich source of omega-3 EPA and I. galbana of omega-3 DHA. The natural origin omega-3 delivery system has a double encapsulation which stabilises the microalgae bioactives. It is clinically proven for barrier function, melanin reduction and other disorders related to chronically inflamed skin. Both endogenous and exogenous factors
may cause skin inflammation. When these elements are present, it affects the capacity of the body to respond against stressors. Oxidative stress from internal and external stressors leads to damaged cell and oxidised lipids the accumulation of. These trigger a chain reaction of events, leading to activation of macrophages. Macrophage activation triggers the release of ROS and pro- inflammatory cytokines, both associated with stimulating matrixmetallo-proteinases (MMPs) which cause degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), the epidermal-dermal junction (EDJ) and dermic proteins. ROS and cytokines continue to be released with continued exposure to skin stressors. Remaining in this state can cause damage that leads to skin disorders related to chronically inflamed skin. Microalgae are the primary source of omega-3 fatty acids EPA & DHA and they have an impact in several skin processes such as inflammatory conditions. Special pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) are
molecules with the potential to endogenously stimulate key cellular events in resolution of chronic inflammation.2,3
SPMs are
biosynthesised from the omega-3 essential fatty acids EPA and DHA4,5
6000.0 5000.0 4000.0 3000.0 2000.0 1000.0 0.0
Native not irradiated
Native UV-Vis irradiated
which can be found CONTROL
NOT IRRADIATED NOT TREATED
CONTROL
BLUE LIGHT IRRADIATED NOT TREATED
BLUE LIGHT IRRADIATED AND TREATED WITH BICOALGAE ω3
Figure 2: Visualisation of ROS in fluorescent marked skin explants
180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0
Control
Not irradiated Not Treated
Control
Blue light irradiated Not Treated
on decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines. Constant release of ROS and pro-
-78%
Blue light irradiated and treated with Bicoalgae ω3
Figure 3: Quantification of ROS in the skin
in microalgae N. gaditana and I. galbana, respectfully. These have an impact on skin processes such as inflammatory conditions. EPA and DHA are not synthesised by the human body and should be acquired from nutrition sources.
Decrease of pro-inflammatory cytokines Studies were conducted to determine the natural origin omega-3 delivery system’s effect
Stratum corneum & epidermis ■ Dermis ■ Average
ROS decrease -39%
Average
ROS decrease -124%
inflammatory cytokines characterise chronic skin inflammation, while a decrease of pro- inflammatory cytokines in inflamed tissues indicate improvement of inflamed skin. A study was conducted where non treated and treated inflamed organotypic cultures of human skin explants were put in the presence of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which stimulate a generic skin inflammation. After 24 hours of incubation, the cytokines IL-1β and IL-8 were calculated. Treated cultures used the natural origin omega-3 delivery system at both 1% and 3%. As seen in Figure 1, the natural origin omega-3 delivery system decreased the level of the age-related pro- inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-8 in inflamed skin.
Prevention of blue light-induced ROS Skin samples treated and non-treated with a cream containing 3% of the natural origin omega-3 delivery system for 24 hours were incubated for 30 minutes with dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) at 40°C, a fluorescent marker that reacts with ROS. The skin samples were then irradiated with blue light (l= 468nm) for 4 hours. Samples were observed by optical microscopy using fluorescence filters to show and quantify the presence of ROS. Figure 2 is a visualisation of ROS in
fluorescent-marked skin explants where (A) is not irradiated and not treated, (B) is irradiated and not treated and (C) is irradiated and treated with the natural origin omega-3 delivery system. Green fluorescence indicates presence of ROS. When quantifying the level of ROS in the
containing microalgae extracts
Treated with cream
Treated with cream containing 3% Bicoalgae ω3
skin due to blue light irradiation, the natural origin omega-3 delivery system displayed a 78% reduction in ROS compared to the non- treated control as seen in Figure 3.
Figure 4: ROS in the skin PERSONAL CARE October 2021
UV Vis-induced oxidative stress A study was performed to demonstrate that the natural origin omega-3 delivery system leverages Bicosome technology to allow for the targeted delivery of the microalgae actives, increasing the efficacy of the N. gaditana and I. galbana extracts in the stratum corneum, epidermis, and dermis areas.
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Fluorescence intensity (AU)
Fluorescence intensity /AU
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