66
ANTI-AGEING
Dryness stress PME
800 600 400 200 0
** **
(-) (-)
(Dunnett’s test, n=6; **: p<0.05).
of dermis in a non-invasive way by measuring the collagen density. For example, on a female test subject in her fifties in the PME lotion group, it was observed that a four-week application of the lotion increased the thickness of the dermis (Figure 5a). Moreover, results on 14 test subjects indicated the thickness of dermis of the PME lotion group significantly increased in 12 weeks compared to 0 week (Figure 5b). In the questionnaire carried out before the
test, seven test subjects, with men and women combined, reported their subjective symptoms of dry skin. As a result of stratified analysis on these test subjects, the PME lotion group showed a significant increase in the thickness of dermis as compared to the placebo lotion group at four weeks (Figure 5c). This result suggests that PME may take effect on people with dry-type skin at an earlier stage.
Effects on crow’s feet & neck wrinkles As the effect of PME on improving dermal thinning was confirmed, we evaluated its effect on wrinkles next. We compared crow’s feet in the group that applied the PME lotion for 12 weeks and found that
50s Japanese female (lower eyelid)
the depth of wrinkles significantly reduced. The tendency to improve wrinkles was
confirmed in comparison with the placebo lotion group. In the example images of a male in his sixties, the overall wrinkle improvement effect was confirmed regardless of the depth of wrinkles (Figure 6a). Regarding neck wrinkles, the PME lotion group at 12 weeks showed significant reduction as compared to the placebo lotion group at 0 weeks. In images of the neck, overall wrinkle improvement effect was seen, similar to crow’s feet (Figure 6b). We also conducted a 90-day clinical test on 53
test subjects in a third-party institution. In this test, we evaluated crow’s feet, upper area between the eyebrows, as well as smile lines, under the supervision of a dermatologist before the application of PME lotion and after applying the lotion for 30 days, 60 days, and 90 days. The PME lotion group showed significant improvements in all parts as compared to the placebo lotion group (data not shown).
Evaluation In this study, it has been clarified that the
4000 3000 2000 1000 0
(+) (-)
(+) (+)
High pH stress PME
800 600 400 200 0
** **
(-) (-)
(+) (-)
(+) (+)
UVB stress PME
800 600 400 200 0
** **
(-) (-)
(+) (-)
(+) (+)
Figure 3: Effect of PME against stress factors (dryness, high-pH, and UVB) In the care of dryness and high-pH stresses, NHEK (AD) were incubated with 0.1% PME, whereas NHEK (NB) were incubated with 0.01% PME only in the care of UVB stress. Results are expressed as mean ±S.E.
***
***
Control
RA
LG
Figure 4: Evaluation of active components in PME NHEK (AD) was subjected to dry stress by replacing the medium
after the addition of RA and LG as pretreatment. RA: Rosmarinic acid, LG: Luteolin-7-O-glucuronide. The results are expressed as mean ±S.E. (Dunnett’s test, n=6, *** p<0.01).
increase in the eATP level is accelerated not only by natural ageing but also by environmental stress and that it induces dermal thinning. Although it is known that eATP increases when inflammation occurs8
,
the study results have suggested that eATP of NHEK in the upstream of SASP also functions as a ‘danger signal’ of natural ageing and influences the decomposition of the dermal matrix through interaction between the epidermis and dermis. Environmental stresses, such as dryness,
UP A 0 weeks
120 110 100 90
1% PME lotion * Placebo lotion *: p<0.10 vs.0 week 0 week 4 week 12 week B 4 weeks
120 110 100 90
1% PME lotion ** Placebo lotion **: p<0.05 0 week 4 week
Figure 5: Effect of PME on the thickness of dermis The internal image of the skin of a female in her 50s is shown in Figure 5A. The thickness of dermis is indicated by arrows. The analysis of the
dermal thickness is shown in Figure 5B. The results are expressed as mean ±S.E. (Student’s t-test, N=14; *: p<0.10). The analysis of the dermal thickness of seven people with dry skin is shown in Figure 4C. The results are expressed as mean ±S.E. (Student’s t-test, n=7; ##: p<0.05)
PERSONAL CARE October 2021
high pH and exposure to UVB, are believed to increase the level of eATP and cause dermal thinning. Moreover, it has been confirmed that when dryness stress or high pH stress is applied, the level of eATP in NHEK (AD) increased two- fold compared to that in NHEK (NB) (data not included), suggesting that NHEK (AD) is more susceptible to these stressors. According to recent study reports, when
irritated by physical stress, ATP is released through the maxi-anion channel and connexin hemichannel present on the cell membrane.12,13 Meanwhile, ATP/P2Y2 receptor signals are drastically increased when there is irritation or inflammation.14
Therefore, in this study,
it is assumed that ATP released into the extracellular environment via the ATP channel on the epidermal keratinocyte membrane activates ATP receptors such as P2X and P2Y receptors,14,15
the use of PME improves the condition of dermal thinning. Therefore, we believe that suppressing the level of eATP improves the
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promoting the production of SASP
factors. In this effectiveness test on human subjects,
Thickness of the dermis (%)
(Relative value %) eATP level
Thickness ofdermis Thickness of the dermis (%)
(Relative value %) eATP level
(Luminescence unit) eATP level
(Relative value %) eATP level
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