Trans RINA, Vol 157, Part C1, Intl J Marine Design, Jan - Dec 2015
asserts that a person’s well-being is dependent on their relationship with the natural environment [20]. Natural lighting can work well with natural ventilation as shown in Figure 15. It helps to reduce heat gain which can be the cooling
significant addition to a low-tech
means
traditional filament or halogen lights. Natural lighting is reducing the overall
of
load when using energy
consumption of a vessel. It is still a developing field but as identified in Figure 15, the energy profile could be significantly reduced with the use of advanced LED technology and natural lighting systems to reduce the overall energy footprint of the vessel.
and their surroundings. The term environment includes: natural environments; social settings; built environments learning environments; informational environments. T he discipline is both value orie with pr
ented and problem oriented,
the objective of solving complex environmental roblems to achieve individual wellbeing within a larger society. [23] A critical tool tto this approach is a model of human nature that predicts the environmental conditions under which humans will be manage, protect and/or enhance
u reasonable behaviour,
stress on processing;
ehave. This can help design, restore environments that predict
outcomes when these conditions are not met, and
diagnose problem situations . The field explores a diverse range of issues including the following: the effect of environmental characteristics information
of restorative environments; human promotion
human performance; of
durable
conservation behaviour. Environmental psychology relies on interaction with other disciplines in the design field such as: architecture; interrior design; urban planning; industrial design; landscape a [25] refers to the biologica
architecture. [24] Heerwag en al foundations of well-being,
which distinguishes between “survival needs” and “well- be
eing” needs. Survival nee
environment that directly affects human health, such as clear air and water, lack of pathogens or
Figure 15: Section Drawing of the Dharma University in Taiwan. [20]
legislative directives, as the 2002
The emergence of Zero Energy Buildings demonstrates the effectiveness of PD and has led tto such
(Z
Drum ZEB),
o new Energy
Performance of Buildings Directive [21]. Similar targets have been established in the UK which will see ‘net- zero’ energy consumption in buildings achieved by 2016 dustry
[22], signifying the intention of the architectural ind to reduce consumption through the implementation of PD. Considering the similarity in energy profile o f both buildings and coastels, with HVAC systems contributing to
the greatest amount
coastel sector could ben efit from these developments by integrating TOIs from architecture that has relatively advanced t technological
solutions to support p studies
design. The stochastic nature of driving forces involved with PD raise an issue of reliability. However, with epidemiological
suggesting that PD would
otherwise improve the users comfort and well being, coupled with the associated energy saving benefits and a convenient morphology that in some cases facilitates PD technology. . A hybrid of natural and mechanical systems would provide a suitable solution to the future legislative pressures of energy consumption within the marine industry.
2.3 ENVIRONMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
Environmental psychology is an interdisciplinary field of research that addressed the relationship between humans
© 2015: The Royal Institution of Naval Architects of energy consumption. The passive
eds deal with aspects of the toxins, and
opportunity for rest and sleep. Well-being needs affect overall health through theiirr relationship to fulfilment, quality of life, and psychological health.Where failure to satisfy survival needs may lead to serious illness or death, failure to satisfy the well-being needs produces the “gray life” of psychosocial maladjustment and stress related illnesses. The following well-being needs were identified as being directly relevant to building design [25], namely:
be
Opportunity to engage in spontaneous social encounters
ng
Freedom to move between one social phase and another (from interaction)
solitary work to Opportunity to enga
behaviours (creativity, self cooperation, explorra gu
ation) Opportunity for regular exercise
Noise levels not much above or below that in nature
Meaningful change and sensory variability An interesting visual environment
The biological approach forms the basis for a number other theoretical perspectives relevant to design and w m on basis of which is the concept
eing. The comm
of ell of
Biophilia, the evolutionary tie between people and nature. Taken as a whole, tthis diverse body of research suggests that building environments that contain the essential features of preferrred natural settings will be more supportive of human well-being and performance than environments lacking these features. Considering a commercial vessel as a floating working environment,
C-169 group
age in a full range of typical expression,
the the likely
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