Most religious leaders allow exceptions for the young, the old, pregnant people, and people with medical conditions. Some fasting and abstinence practices could result in micronutrient deficiencies. Since meat, poultry, fish, and dairy are often the restricted foods, provide alternatives for sources of iron, vitamin B12, calcium, and vitamin D.
Encourage churchgoing individuals who must avoid gluten for health reasons, such as celiac disease, to talk with their priest or pastor to make accommodation for the sacrament of the Eucharist, since that ritual uses bread or a wafer. Gluten-free and low-gluten bread and wafers are acceptable options in most Protestant faiths and meet requirements in Roman Catholic Canon Law. If wine is typically used for this ritual and if a person refrains from alcoholic drinks, they might ask the clergy for grape juice or a blessing instead.
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Recognize that complementary and alternative medicine, as well as folk medicine, may be part of some forms of Christian religious practice, and sharing traditional healing and health practices with health care professionals may require courage. It is helpful to provide an open, nonjudgmental, curious atmosphere. If these dietary or health practices do no harm, respect and find ways to accommodate them.
When counseling those who follow a faith that has dietary or health rules or codes, be aware that they may feel guilty or embarrassed sharing that they do not follow all its dietary practices. This may be an issue for dietary records or recalls or with menu planning.
During Lent, people of various faiths eat fish on Fridays as part of a Christian practice of abstaining from meat.