DEPIGMENTATION The result of TXA’s inhibitory effect on
plasminogen/plasmin system is a reduction of AA and PGE2 release, and a reduced activity of alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF), ultimately inhibiting melanogenesis.1-7
In addition, TXA
inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) via plasminogen activator system, thus reducing angiogenesis and erythema.1-7
In vivo clinical efficacy study The efficacy of tranexamic acid (TXA) was evaluated in an in vivo clinical study conducted on fifteen Caucasian female volunteers (Phenotype II-IV; 41-68 years old) which were selected to have dark spots/hyperpigmentation (UV spots, age spots and post inflammatory pigmentation), uneven skin tone and lack of radiance on the face. This was a single-blind randomized hemi-face
intra-individual study, in which subjects applied a lotion containing 3% tranexamic acid and a placebo lotion, twice a day for 28 days on half- face. Tranexamic acid treatment was compared versus baseline and placebo treatment. Measurements were taken at baseline and
after 28 days of use with tested products. Statistical analysis comparison between the products was performed using a paired Student t-test or Wilcoxon paired signed rank test using SAS 9.4 software. The significance level was set at p<0.05.
Measurements The following measurements were taken at baseline and after 28 days of treatment with tranexamic acid and placebo: ■ Dark spot pigmentation degree via Individual Typological Angle (ITA°) ■ Skin radiance via gloss rate ■ Skin homogeneity via ΔEab* ■ Red spots via VISIA CAS image analysis
Dark spot pigmentation degree Individual typological angle (ITA°) was performed with a MINOLTA CM-700-D Spectrophotometer® and measures dark spot pigmentation degree considering luminosity (L*) and cutaneous melanin color (b*). In increase in the ITA°, indicates a lighter skin.8 In this study, the ITA° measurement was
conducted on dark spots selected to have a size greater than 3 mm. Subject’s dark spots/hyperpigmentation were selected as a combination of UV spots, age spots and post inflammatory pigmentation located on the cheek portion of the face. An increase in the ITA° indicates lighter, less visible spots and hyperpigmentation.8
ITA° is calculated based on the following formula:8,9
ITA° = [Arc tan ((L*- 50)/b*)] x 180/π
Skin radiance Skin radiance was measured with a Skin- Glossymeter® GL 200 (Courage + Khazaka) via gloss rate, which is the portion of the light directly reflected from the skin and the portion of light scattered from the skin. The fraction of directly reflected light is
correlated with the gloss. This measurement was
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35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
30 *** * 12
91
Placebo
ViaDerm TXA
Figure 2: Percentage change in dark spot pigmentation degree after 28 days of treatment with ViaDerm TXA and placebo (***p<0.001 compared to baseline; *p<0.05 compared to placebo)
20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
18 ** * 2 Placebo ViaDerm TXA
Figure 3: Percentage change in skin radiance after 28 days of treatment with ViaDerm TXA and placebo (*p<0.05 versus baseline; **p<0.01< versus placebo)
Placebo 0 -5
-10 -15
-20 -25 -30 -35 -40
-20 ** ViaDerm TXA
-35
Figure 4: Percentage change in skin homogeneity after 28 days of treatment with ViaDerm TXA and placebo (**p<0.01 versus baseline)
4 2 0
-2 -4 -6 -8
-10 -12 14
Placebo 2
ViaDerm TXA
*
-13
Figure 5: Percentage change in red spots after 28 days of treatment with ViaDerm TXA and placebo (*p<0.05 versus placebo)
March 2024 PERSONAL CARE
% Change vs. Baseline
% Change vs. Baseline
% Change vs. Baseline
% Change vs. Baseline
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