88 NATURALS UVB Control cells Untreated Barrier & Beyond
Heavy metal (Fe3+ Control cells Untreated
) Barrier & Beyond
Figure 4: Inhibition of intracellular ROS triggered by UVB and iron in WS1 human skin fibroblasts. UVB and iron exposure triggered the accumulation of intracellular ROS as revealed by an increase in the green fluorescent rhodamine 123. Cells were not exposed to stress (‘Control cells’) or exposed to UVB and iron in the absence (‘Untreated’) or the presence of the Brasenia extract (50 µg/ml) (‘Barrier & Beyond’)
References 1. Drzymulska D. On the history of Brasenia Schreb. in the European Pleistocene. Veget. Hist. Archaeobot. 27, 527–534; 2018
2. Song B, Shen X, Tong C, Zhang S, Chen Q, Li Y, Li S. Gossypin: A flavonoid with diverse pharmacological effects. Chem. Biol. Drug Des. 2023 Jan;101(1):131-137
3. Legault J, Perron T, Mshvildadze V, Girard-Lalancette K, Perron S, Laprise C, Sirois P, Pichette A. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of quercetin 7-O-b-D-glucopyranoside from the leaves of Brasenia schreberi. J. Med. Food. 2011 Oct;14(10):1127-34
4. Kim KH, Son ED, Kim HJ, Lee SH, Bae IH, Lee TR. EGR3 Is a Late Epidermal Differentiation Regulator that Establishes
100 80 * 60 * 40 20 0 IL-1b IL-6 IL-8 TNFa NFκB
Figure 5: Anti-inflammatory efficacy. Activated U937 macrophages were incubated with the Brasenia extract (250 µg/ml). Results are shown are the percentage of inhibition of cytokine production compared to control LPS-activated cells. *p < 0.05 when compared to untreated activated cells
PERSONAL CARE March 2024 * * *
the Skin-Specific Gene Network. J. Invest. Dermatol. 2019 Mar;139(3):615-625
5. Scott IR, Harding CR, Barrett JG. Histidine- rich protein of the keratohyalin granules. Source of the free amino acids, urocanic acid and pyrrolidone carboxylic acid in the stratum corneum. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1982; 719:110–117
6. Tricarico PM, Mentino D, De Marco A, Del Vecchio C, Garra S, Cazzato G, Foti C, Crovella S, Calamita G. Aquaporins Are One of the Critical Factors in the Disruption of the Skin Barrier in Inflammatory Skin Diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022 Apr 5;23(7):4020
7. Boury-Jamot M, Sougrat R, Tailhardat M, Le Varlet B, Bonté F, Dumas M, Verbavatz JM. Expression and function of aquaporins in
human skin: Is aquaporin-3 just a glycerol transporter? Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 2006 Aug;1758(8):1034-42
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9. Alhasaniah A, Sherratt MJ, O’Neill CA. The Impact of Ultraviolet Radiation on Barrier Function in Human Skin: Molecular Mechanisms and Topical Therapeutics. Curr. Med. Chem. 2018;25(40):5503-5511
10. Tampo Y, Kotamraju S, Chitambar CR, Kalivendi SV, Keszler A, Joseph J, Kalyanaraman B. Oxidative stress- induced iron signaling is responsible for peroxide-dependent oxidation of dichlorodihydrofluorescein in endothelial cells: role of transferrin receptor-dependent iron uptake in apoptosis. Circ. Res. 2003 Jan 10;92(1):56-63
11. Wright JA, Richards T, Srai SK. The role of iron in the skin and cutaneous wound healing. Front. Pharmacol. 2014 Jul 10;5:156
12. Cavalcante RP, da Rocha Sandim L, Bogo D, Barbosa AM, Osugi ME, Blanco M, de Oliveira SC, de Fatima Cepa Matos M, Machulek A Jr, Ferreira VS. Application of Fenton, photo-Fenton, solar photo- Fenton, and UV/H2O2 to degradation of the antineoplastic agent mitoxantrone and toxicological evaluation. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int. 2013 Apr;20(4):2352-61
13. Pelle E, Jian J, Zhang Q, Muizzuddin N, Yang Q, Dai J, Maes D, Pernodet N, Yarosh DB, Frenkel K, Huang X. Menopause increases the iron storage protein ferritin in skin. J. Cosmet. Sci. 2013 May- Jun;64(3):175-9
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