This poem is from Boland’s 1990 collection, also titled Outside History. The poem explores the events and people who remain outside history, meaning that we only learn about what has happened to them when it is too late. Irish people are certainly not alone in being able to relate to outsiders, but there is no doubt that shocking revelations in our country in recent years help to illustrate how accurate this poem is. For example, in 2014 a local historian, Catherine Corless, published an article documenting the deaths of 796 babies and young children at the Tuam Mother and Baby Home in Galway. They had been identity of these children, this may prove impossible, as they died between 1925 and 1961. Irish people are deeply upset by this revelation, but also frustrated because it is too and international, of people who are ‘outside history’, and not just in the past, but in the present too. This knowledge, coupled with Boland’s poignant language, makes this poem extremely powerful.