their lives is conveyed in the cacophonous ‘Clamour of confused wrong’. The massacre ended in a terrible stillness – ‘apt/ In silence’ – but this event will never be forgotten: ‘Memory is strong/ Beyond the bone.’ Once again, assonance and alliteration are used for emphasis, with the long assonant ‘o’ sound reinforcing the length of time that has passed while also signifying that the event has not been forgotten, even if the bodies have long since decomposed into the earth. Eliot is stating that our collective human memory goes beyond death and our physical selves. ‘Pride’ may be ‘snapped’, but the ‘Shadow of pride is long’. The short sentences and cacophonous words help to remind us of the horror of war, with its gasped commands and breathless pleas of both aggressor and victim. The sombre closing lines tell us that in the long mountain pass of Rannoch, there is ‘No concurrence of bone.’ The bones of those who died needlessly are scattered throughout this dramatic landscape. Eliot believed that the landscape remembered the trauma and that visitors could not help but be affected by it.