32 SKIN BARRIER
but resulted in the further deterioration of the epidermis formation (Figure 3C). Correspondingly, loricrin expression and thus
the barrier of the epidermis was also strongly impaired (Figures 4B and 4C). On the other hand, treatment with 0.1 % of the novel Ca2
+ vector
system rescued the differentiation process, prevented the formation of vacuoles (Figure 3D), and increased the expression of loricrin (Figure 4D), resulting in a normal stratified epidermis. These results highlight the potent action of + delivery system, not only in making
the Ca2
calcium bioavailable to calcium-deprived and stressed skin but also rescuing the negative effects of low skin calcium levels. The beneficial effects of topical application + vector system was also
of our novel Ca2
investigated in a clinical study. Applying 2% of the the Ca2
before SLS stress had a significant protective effect on the skin. Increases in skin microcirculation and skin
redness, which are indicative of irritation, were significantly reduced by 34.4% and 15%, respectively, directly after the removal of the SLS patch, compared to untreated controls (Figure 5). Furthermore, the increase in TEWL was significantly prevented by 39.5% compared to untreated controls. In contrast, pre-treatment with a placebo gel
did not have protective effects and, moreover, treatment with the Ca2+
vector significantly
improved all measured skin parameters compared to the placebo (Figure 5). However, often a skin irritation cannot be
foreseen, and one needs to apply regenerative treatment after barrier disruption has already occurred. Importantly, treatment with 2% of the Ca2
+ vector system also had a significant
regenerating effect on the skin. TEWL recovered 15 % faster than untreated controls, with a mean recovery of 15 days (Figure 6A). The recovery time of skin microcirculation was
19% shorter than untreated controls and the skin redness recovered 24.1% faster (Figure. 6B). All effects were significant compared to the placebo treatment, further highlighting the strong regenerative action of our novel Ca2 vector system.
+
Conclusion The delivery of bioavailable Ca2
+ ions to the
skin is a new approach to treat damaged A
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
Figure 5: Clinical: protective effect with Ca2+ vector pre-treatment
barrier functions of the epidermis present in diabetic, aged, or atopic skin. We believe that the treatment of diabetic skin will be a new important market for the cosmetic industry and that the provision of novel active ingredients such as this Ca2
+ vector system will contribute
to a better healthy ageing. The simple application and use of our novel
Ca2
+ vector system (patent pending application) opens up new and beneficial perspectives for daily consumer-friendly products, without the need for medical or dermatological expertise (at-home treatment). As such, the Ca2
+ vector system aids not
only in restoring a strong skin barrier, but also supports healthy skin ageing, which is affordable and accessible to all.
References 1. Choi EH. Ageing of the skin barrier. Clin Dermatol. 2019;37(4):336-45
2. Saeedi P, Petersohn I, Salpea P, Malanda B, Karuranga S, Unwin N et al. Global and regional diabetes prevalence estimates for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9(th) edition. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 2019;157:107843 3. Lee SE, Lee SH. Skin Barrier and Calcium. Ann
B Untreated control ■ Placebo ■ 2% Ca2 + Vector■ PC Dermatol. 2018;30(3):265-75
4. Elias PM, Ahn SK, Denda M, Brown BE, Crumrine D, Kimutai LK et al. Modulations in epidermal calcium regulate the expression of differentiation-specific markers. J Invest Dermatol. 2002;119(5):1128-36
5. Graham DM, Huang L, Robinson KR, Messerli MA. Epidermal keratinocyte polarity and motility require Ca2+
influx through TRPV1. Journal of Cell Science. 2013;126(20):4602-13
6. Behne MJ, Sanchez S, Barry NP, Kirschner N, Meyer W, Mauro TM et al. Major translocation of calcium upon epidermal barrier insult: imageing and quantification via FLIM/Fourier vector analysis. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 2011;303(2):103-15
7. Streubel MK, Neuhofer C, Bischof J, Steinbacher P, Russe E, Wechselberger G et al. From Mice to Men: An Evolutionary Conserved Breakdown of the Epidermal Calcium Gradient and Its Impact on the Cornified Envelope. Cosmetics. 2018;5(2)
8. Papahadjopoulos D, Vail WJ, Jacobson K, Poste G. Cochleate lipid cylinders: formation by fusion of unilamellar lipid vesicles. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes. 1975;394(3):483-91.
9. Tilawat M, Bonde S. Nanocochleates: A potential drug delivery system. Journal of Molecular Liquids. 2021;334
*p<0.01 versus untreated and placebo ***p<0.001 versus untreated and placebo
30 ** Mean recovery days 20 10
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Time (days)
Figure 6: Clinical: faster regeneration with Ca2+ PERSONAL CARE October 2022 vector system after SLS stress
www.personalcaremagazine.com 0 ** * Placebo ■ 2% Ca2 + Vector■ -40 + vector system in a gel formulation Micro-circulation Skin redness -30 ** TEWL *** *p<0.05 versus untreated
**p<0.05 versus untreated and placebo ***p<0.01 versus untreated and placebo
-10 *** -20 * Placebo ■ 2% Ca2 0 + Vector■
Micro-circulation
Skin redness
TEWL
Mean TEWL (g/h/m2
)
SLS stress
Change in parameter compared to untreated control in %
Improvement in recovery time compared to untreated control in %
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