Table 3 Ethnic structure of the Banat population at the last three censuses Year
Inhabitants (pers.)
Ro Hu Gy Ge 1977 1992 2002 1,569,831 74.4 10.2 1,563,456 81.7 8.5 1,472,306 84.2 7.2 1.5 Ethnic structure (%) Uk Sl Cz Sr Cr 10.1 0.4 0.6 0.4 1.9 2.3 3.1 0.7 0.6 0.3 1.7 2.8 1.7 0.9 0.5 0.2 1.4 0.4 0.3 0.5 Others 0.1 0.8 0.6
Ro - Romanians; Hu - Hungarians; Gy - Gypsies; Ge - Germans; Uk - Ukrainians; Sl- Slovaks; Cz - Czechs; Sr - Serbians; Cr - Croatians. Source: Author processed data
question the earliest initiatives, from 1990-1991, were analyzed solely for Ba- nat’s counties and in comparison with the national level. Under the Decree-Law no. 54/1990, that established legal framework of entrepreneurial activities in Romania, number of private enterprises by free initiative has grown quickly. Thus, during the 6-month period their number has run up to 37582, comparing with the requests for authorization that were more then doubled (86575). Making use of the six indices, relevant for the free ini- tiative cultivation under the conditions induced by the collapse of the old re- gime, we can come to the conclusion that demonstrates existence of a more liberal viewpoint of the hew realities. Comparing with the national level, data for Banat’s counties, bound
with this uncommon process intuited only by the main part of people, sug- gests some interesting ideas (table 4). First of all, in 1990 there was a differ- ence between the northern part of Banat (Arad county), on the one hand, and its central (Timis county) and southern (Caras-Severin county) parts, on the other, regarding entrepreneurial spirit: the northern part was much more active on this point. Thus, there were 4.2 demands per 1000 inhabitants in the Arad county, while in the other two counties – Timis and Caras-Severin – there was 3.1 and 2.3 demands, correspondingly. Analysis of the table, even short one, suggests information about the
business environment and the way of thinking of the Banat’s entrepreneur at the beginning of a period previously unknown. For instance, ratio between number of authorization approved and number of individual demands shows that county and local authorities are much more efficacious than in other re- gions of the country (table 5). Banat counties show values that may exceed 95%, in comparison with the average national level (82%). It may be caused
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