The most important capital of the German minority in Romania, Sibiu
Culture 2007”21), 337 projects were initiated, through which 2062 cultural events22) took place (from theatre, painting, music, film, dance, literature, and architecture, to contemporary art and cooking) in no less than 380 locations, involving 301 cultural operators, imposing Sibiu as a veritable multicultural and multiethnic capital and fully justifying the brand of “a city of culture – a city of cultures”
The cultural partnership with the Great Dukedom of Luxembourg ma-
terialised through the development of 40 common projects, to which other partnerships and cooperation programs with Landshut, Rennes, Klagenfurt, Deventer added.
The main objectives set by the Association of the Program “Sibiu –
European Capital of Culture 2007” were: Improving international visibility of Sibiu.
21) The „European Cultural Capital” program was initiated by the European Community’s Council of Ministers of Culture in 1985, after the undertaking of the Greek Minister of Culture, Miss Melina Mercouri, and it was devised „with the purpose of closing the gaps between the European people” and to celebrate the contribution of cities to the cultural development. So far, in the program, there have been proposed and approved as European Capitals of Culture the following cities: Athens (1985), Florence (1986), Amsterdam (1987), Berlin (1988), Paris (1989), Dublin (1990), Glasgow (1991), Madrid (1992), Antwerp (1993), Lisbon (1994), Luxem- bourg (1995), Copenhagen (1996), Thessaloniki (1997), Stockholm (1998), Weimar (1999), Avignon, Bergen, Bologna, Brussels, Krakow, Helsinki, Prague, Reykjavik, Santiago de Com- postela (2000), Porto and Rotterdam (2001), Bruges and Salamanca (2002), Gratz (2003), Lille and Genoa (2004), Cork (Ireland, 2005), Patras (Greece, 2006), Luxembourg and Sibiu (2007), and in the following years: Liverpool, Stavanger, Linz, Vilnius, Essen, Pecs, Istanbul, Turku, Tallin.
22) A complete list can be accessed on the Program’s webpage at the following address
www.sibiu2007.ro.
99
has known a series of records, in the spirit of economic development, a series of cultural anchors of national importance: in 1292 the first hospital in Roma- nia is mentioned in this space; in 1494 is mentioned the oldest pharmacy in Romania; 1462 – the first German manuscript in Transylvania; in 1557 – the first bookstore; in 1692, Sibiu become for 100 years the capital of Transylva- nia; in 1817, through the opening of the gates of the Brukenthal Museum, the first museum in Romania in inaugurated, and in 1853 the “Romanian Tele- graph” is edited, the oldest newspaper with continuous issue throughout the national territory. In 1904 Sibiu becomes the third city in the Austro-Hungarian Empire to be lit with electric energy, and the second city in Europe to intro- duce the electric tramway; in 1919, it receives the official title of Sibiu. Through the above, and many others, Sibiu has reflected the image of a vibrant city keeping up with times, image that it has held until present, when, in 2004, as a result of the final vote of the Council of Culture Ministers in the European Union, the city is designated, along with Luxembourg, European cultural capital for 2007. Thus, under the aegis of the Program “Sibiu – European Capital of
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