Task 4 Practising grammar patterns


Cover the process text (2) on page 39 and say or write it using the instructions text (1) to help you. Start each sentence with a noun phrase.


Task 5 Thinking critically: process or instructions Question:


A book can be supported a few inches above a table using a sheet of paper and an elastic band. How? Answer:


table


elastic band paper


The table below contains a mixture of two texts giving the same information. They both answer the question above correctly. One is instructions and one is a process.


5.1 Write P (for process) or I (for instructions) next to each sentence.


5.2 Show the sequence (the order in time) of the steps by writing the numbers 1–4 in the table for each text. steps


process (P) or instructions (I)


a The cylinder is stood on a table. b Secure the cylinder with an elastic band. c The sheet of paper is rolled into a cylinder.


d Place the book carefully on top of the cylinder. e The book is placed carefully on top of the cylinder.


f Stand the cylinder on a table. g Roll the sheet of paper into a cylinder.


h The cylinder is secured with an elastic band. Noticing grammar patterns


Articles in noun phrases A noun phrase names something, e.g., a book, the sheet of paper. Writers use the indefinite article (a or an) and the definite article (the) in noun phrases to help the reader to understand what exactly is being named. The indefinite article (a or an) is for general naming, so a book means any book. The definite article (the) is for specific naming, so the book means the book in front of us or the book in the previous sentence.


sequence (1–4)


Key words


the cylinder an elastic band secure


book


ACCESS EAP: Foundations • Unit 3


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