Noticing language patterns


Organizing ideas in paragraphs In the website text from Task 2, the new information in one sentence becomes the topic for the next sentence. This linking pattern is very useful in texts where ideas have a logical sequence, such as processes (which you studied in Unit 3) and causes and effects.


Task 5 Reading quickly for an overview


Read the paragraph below from the second website, Health advice for Environmental Studies students, quickly. Answer the questions.


a Does the paragraph contain the same or different information when compared with Health issues for Environmental Studies students (see Task 2)?


b Where is the new information in each sentence? c Is this text easier or harder to read than the website text from Task 2?


Health advice for Environmental Studies students


In the UK, there are not many health risks that are associated with environmental fieldwork. However, the few rare diseases that do occur here should be known to Environmental Studies students. Lyme disease is one of the more serious of such diseases. Certain bacteria found in the blood of animals such as sheep, deer and mice cause the symptoms of Lyme disease in people. Small biting bugs known as ticks spread these bacteria from animals to people. With the warming of the European climate, the threat of Lyme disease is being brought closer because these ticks are becoming more common and are moving north.


Noticing language patterns


Text organization A paragraph is easier to read when each sentence starts with something the reader already knows. Each sentence starts with an idea that is familiar to the reader, because it has already been given. The new information follows in the second part of the sentence. In academic writing in English, the writer takes responsibility for making the text easy to read. It is important to use patterns of organization that help you to do this. Two useful patterns are:


general to specific familiar to new


Health issues for Environmental Studies students continues with a paragraph about the risk of infection with Lyme disease.


ACCESS EAP: Foundations • Unit 8


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