professionally, you always have to complete a risk assessment like this before you even start – and I mean always.
A hazard is anything that may cause harm – like a fire. Risk is a combination of the probability of a hazard – how likely you are to be harmed – and the severity or seriousness of a hazard, how badly you may be harmed. Well, fortunately, not too many hazards for us this weekend. We’re not rock climbing or tree climbing, so serious falls are unlikely. But we are following water courses, small streams, so some of you will probably have minor trips, slips and falls. Just be very careful near the water and make sure you always work in twos or threes so you can help each other. John here is a first aider and has the first aid kit for the cuts and scratches that most of you will get. It’s November and you may get a little wet and cold, so bring extra warm clothes in your bag each day we’re out.
Everyone should have in their equipment pack a fluorescent jacket. Wear it at all times outside – not just so I can find you, but to make you visible to car drivers when we walk on the road ... er ... to prevent accidents. I know it’s ...
it may not seem very exciting or adventurous, but, believe
me, the most likely serious accident for an environmentalist in the field is a road traffic accident going to or from the site. A low probability, but serious if it happens. Any questions?
MAYSOUN: What about poisonous snakes and spiders?
DR CHARLES: No, that’s a good question. Er ... we don’t have any really dangerous wild animals in the UK – so a bite is unlikely. There’s really no risk for us, because we’re not attempting to catch any animals at all. However, you will definitely, all of you, get bitten by insects, so take some insect repellent and cover as much skin as possible ... to reduce itchy bites. There’s one in particular, not an insect, but a tick. It’s not common where we’re going, but it can give you a serious disease called Lyme disease. It’s possible ... unlikely, but serious if you get it. So cover up and use the insect cream to repel any ticks. If you find a tick on your skin, tell John immediately and he’ll deal with it. No need for sun cream in November, by the way. Oh! I can see you’re expecting to have fun, but there’s serious work to do! Let’s fill in these forms, and then we can go.
Unit 8, Lesson 4, Task 1 XIAOHUA: I just don’t understand Martin – what he wrote on my essay.
CHEN: OK, I think I do. But first, is this the question: The greenhouse effect? It’s just a topic. We need more detail, because that’s a big topic. What about the greenhouse effect? What specific things does the assignment say you have to write?
XIAOHUA: What do you mean? I think I have to write everything I know.
CHEN: Not really. Not at university – it’s not so simple. Usually, for a big topic like this, you have something specific to write about. I mean: What are the causes / the effects? or Describe the process or What are the problems? or How can they be solved? Does he want you to write about
224 ACCESS EAP: Foundations Key words
the greenhouse effect not so simple
Key words
... and I mean ... a combination of the probability of severity seriousness water courses streams minor a first aider inevitable cuts scratches pack a fluorescent jacket to prevent believe me a road traffic accident poisonous snakes spiders wild animals a bite unlikely virtually no … attempting definitely insect repellent skin to reduce itchy a tick a disease cover up insect / sun cream
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